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eLibrary > ASME PCC-1-2022 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly >

ASME PCC-1-2022 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly, 2022

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ASME PCC-1-2022 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly, 2022

CONTENTS
FOREWORD
ASME PRESSURE TECHNOLOGY POST-CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE ROSTER
CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PCC COMMITTEE
ASME PCC-1–2022 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
1 SCOPE
2 INTRODUCTION
3 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION OF BOLTED JOINT ASSEMBLY PERSONNEL
4 CLEANING OF GASKET SEATING SURFACES OF FLANGES
5 EXAMINATION OF FLANGE AND FASTENER CONTACT SURFACES [Go to Page]
5.1 Examination of Gasket Seating Surfaces for Surface Finish
5.2 Examination of Gasket Seating Surfaces for Flatness
5.3 Examination of Fastener Contact Surfaces and Washers
5.4 Examination of Flange Nut or Washer Bearing Surfaces
6 ALIGNMENT OF FLANGE JOINTS
7 INSTALLATION OF GASKET
8 LUBRICATION
9 INSTALLATION OF BOLTS
10 TIGHTENING PROCEDURE
11 OPTIONAL PRACTICES
12 JOINT PRESSURE AND TIGHTNESS TESTING
13 RECORDS
14 JOINT DISASSEMBLY
15 REFERENCES [Go to Page]
15.1 API Publications
15.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC)
15.3 ASME Standards
15.4 ASTM Publications
15.5 European Committee for Standardization Publication
15.6 ISO Publications
15.7 Japanese Standards Association Publication
15.8 MSS Publication
15.9 PIP Publication
15.10 SAE Publication
15.11 TEMA Publication
15.12 U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration Publication
15.13 VDI Publication
15.14 WRC Publications
15.15 Other Publications
Figures [Go to Page]
Figure 8-1 Examples of Lubrication Application
Figure D-2-1 Flange Circumferential Variation Tolerance, T1
Figure D-2-2 Flange Radial Variation Tolerance, T2
Figure D-3-1 Flange Surface Damage Assessment: Pits and Dents
Figure D-3-2 Flange Surface Damage Assessment: Scratches and Gouges
Figure D-4-1 RTJ Gasket Seating Surface Assessment
Figure E-2-1 Centerline High/Low
Figure E-2-2 Excessive Spacing Gap
Figure E-2-3 Parallelism
Figure E-2-4 Rotational Two-Hole
Figure F-6.1.1.2.1-1 Pattern #1 (Star Pattern): 24-Bolt Basic Example
Figure F-6.1.1.2.2-1 Pattern #1 (Star Pattern): 24-Bolt Modified Star Example
Figure F-6.1.1.2.2-2 Modified Star Pattern With Multiple Tools
Figure F-6.1.2.1-1 Pattern #2 (Quadrant Pattern): 24-Bolt Examples
Figure F-6.1.2.2-1 Pattern #2 (Quadrant Pattern): 24-Bolt Accelerated Cross Example
Figure F-6.1.3.1-1 Pattern #3 (Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Example
Figure F-6.1.3.2-1 Pattern #3 (Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Step-by-Step Example
Figure F-6.1.3.3-1 Pattern #3 (Simultaneous Multibolt Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Step-by-Step Example (Two Tools)
Figure J-5-1 Example of Bolt Grouping for a 48-Bolt Flange
Figure P-4.6.1-1 Tapered-Hub-Type Flange
Figure P-4.6.2-1 Slip-On-Type Flange
Figure P-4.6.3-1 Lap Joint Flange
Figure Q-4.5-1 24-Bolt, 24-Tool Example
Figure Q-4.5-2 24-Bolt, 50% (12-Tool) Example
Figure R-2.2-1 Example Long Assembly Record
Figure R-2.2-2 Example Short Assembly Record
Figure R-2.2-3 Example Medium-Length Assembly Record
Figure R-2.2-4Example Multipart Tear-Off Tag
Tables [Go to Page]
Table A-1.4-1 Training Matrix
Table A-2.1-1 Training of Fundamentals Curriculum
Table A-2.2-1 Piping Endorsement Curriculum
Table A-2.3-1 Powered-Equipment Endorsement Curriculum
Table A-2.4-1 Heat Exchanger Endorsement Curriculum
Table C-1 Recommended Gasket Seating Surface Finish for Various Gasket Types
Table D-2-1M Flange Seating Face Flatness Tolerances (Metric)
Table D-2-1 Flange Seating Face Flatness Tolerances (U.S. Customary)
Table D-3-1M Allowable Defect Depth vs. Width Across Face (Metric)
Table D-3-1 Allowable Defect Depth vs. Width Across Face (U.S. Customary)
Table E-2-1 Common Alignment Tolerances
Table F-4-1 Example Tightening Practices Based on Service Application
Table F-6.1.1.1-1 Star and Modified Star Pattern Sequencing
Table F-6.1.2.1.1-1 Quadrant Pattern Cross Sequence
Table F-6.1.2.1.2-1 Quadrant Pattern Circular Sequence
Table H-1M Bolt Root and Tensile Stress Areas (Metric Threads)
Table H-1 Bolt Root and Tensile Stress Areas (Inch Series)
Table J-6-1 Legacy Cross-Pattern Tightening Sequence and Bolt-Numbering System When Using a Single Tool
Table L-1 ASME B16.5 Flange Bolting Information
Table M-1.3-1 Recommended Washer Temperature Limits
Table M-2.4-1 Chemical Requirements
Table M-2.6.1-1 Dimensional Requirements for Metric Washers
Table M-2.6.1-2 Dimensional Requirements for U.S. Customary Washers
Table M-2.6.1-3 Dimensional Tolerances for Metric Washers
Table M-2.6.1-4 Dimensional Tolerances for U.S. Customary Washers
Table M-2.8.2-1 Sampling
Table O-3.2-1M Reference Values (Target Torque Index) for Calculating Target Torque Values for Low-Alloy Steel Bolting Based on Unit Prestress of 1 MPa (Root Area) (Metric Series Threads)
Table O-3.2-1 Reference Values (Target Torque Index) for Calculating Target Torque Values for Low-Alloy Steel Bolting Based on Unit Prestress of 1 ksi (Root Area) (Inch Series Threads)
Table O-4.1-1M Pipe Wall Thickness Used for Following Tables (mm)
Table O-4.1-1 Pipe Wall Thickness Used for Following Tables (in.)
Table O-4.1-2M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (MPa)
Table O-4.1-2 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (ksi)
Table O-4.1-3 Flange Rotation for SA-105 Steel Flanges Loaded to Table O-4.1-2M/Table O-4.1-2 Bolt Stress Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (deg)
Table O-4.1-4M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (MPa)
Table O-4.1-4 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (ksi)
Table O-4.1-5 Flange Rotation for SA-105 Steel Flanges Loaded toTable O-4.1-4M/Table O-4.1-4 Bolt Stress Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (deg)
Table O-4.1-6M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (MPa)
Table O-4.1-6 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (ksi)
Table O-4.1-7 Flange Rotation for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Loaded toTable O-4.1-6M/Table O-4.1-6 Bolt Stress Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (deg)
Table O-4.2-1 Example Bolt Stress for SA-105 Steel Weld-Neck Flanges, SA-193 B7 Steel Bolts, and Spiral-Wound Gasket With Inner Ring (ksi)
Table O-4.2-2 Example Assembly Bolt Torque for SA-105 Steel Weld-Neck Flanges, SA-193 B7 Steel Bolts, and Spiral-Wound Gasket With Inner Ring (ft-lb)
Table P-5-1 Leak During Pressure Test
Table P-5-2 Leak During Heat-Up or Initial Operation
Table P-5-3 Leak Corresponding to Thermal or Pressure Upset
Table P-5-4 Leak After Long-Term Operation
Table P-5-5 Leak During Shutdown
Form [Go to Page]
Form P-3-1 Sample Flange Joint Leak Report
MANDATORY APPENDIX I DEFINITIONS
NONMANDATORY APPENDICES [Go to Page]
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION OF BOLTED JOINT ASSEMBLY PERSONNEL [Go to Page]
A-1 INTRODUCTION
A-2 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAM
A-3 EXAMINATION PROGRAM
A-4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B DESCRIPTION OF COMMON TERMS
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C RECOMMENDED GASKET SEATING SURFACE FINISH FOR VARIOUS GASKET TYPES
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D GUIDELINES FOR ALLOWABLE GASKET SEATING SURFACE FLATNESS AND DEFECT DEPTH [Go to Page]
D-1 INTRODUCTION
D-2 FLANGE FACE FLATNESS TOLERANCES
D-3 FLANGE FACE IMPERFECTION TOLERANCES
D-4 RTJ GASKETS
D-5 REFERENCE
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E FLANGE JOINT ALIGNMENT GUIDELINES [Go to Page]
E-1 CHECKS, MEASUREMENTS, OR VERIFICATIONS
E-2 VERIFICATION METHODS AND TOLERANCES
E-3 ALIGNMENT METHODS AND TOOLS
E-4 ENGINEERING EVALUATION
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F JOINT-TIGHTENING PRACTICES AND PATTERNS [Go to Page]
F-1 INTRODUCTION
F-2 BOLT-LOAD CONTROL
F-3 BOLT-LOAD VERIFICATION
F-4 TIGHTENING PRACTICES
F-5 TOOL SELECTION FOR LOAD CONTROL
F-6 TIGHTENING PATTERNS
F-7 DEVELOPING NEW PROCEDURES
F-8 RTJ AND LENS-TYPE GASKETS
F-9 HIGHLY COMPRESSIBLE SOFT GASKETS VULNERABLE TO UNEVEN COMPRESSION
F-10 REFERENCES
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G SINGLE-STUD REPLACEMENT
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX H BOLT ROOT AND TENSILE STRESS AREAS
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX I INTERACTION DURING TIGHTENING
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J OPTIONAL PRACTICES FOR FLANGE JOINT ASSEMBLY [Go to Page]
J-1 INTRODUCTION
J-2 MEASUREMENT OF GAPS
J-3 BOLT ELONGATION (BOLT STRETCH) MEASUREMENT
J-4 START-UP RETORQUE
J-5 GROUPED BOLTING FOR LARGE FLANGES
J-6 ALTERNATIVE LEGACY CROSS-PATTERN TIGHTENING SEQUENCE AND BOLT-NUMBERING SYSTEM
J-7 CONTROLLED DISASSEMBLY
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX K NUT FACTOR CALCULATION OF TARGET TORQUE [Go to Page]
K-1 COMMON TARGET TORQUE FORMULA
K-2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON TARGET TORQUE FORMULAS
K-3 REFERENCES
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L ASME B16.5 FLANGE BOLTING INFORMATION
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M WASHER USAGE GUIDANCE AND PURCHASE SPECIFICATIONS FOR THROUGH-HARDENED WASHERS [Go to Page]
M-1 WASHER USAGE GUIDANCE
M-2 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR THROUGH-HARDENED WASHERS
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N DEFINITIONS, COMMENTARY, AND GUIDELINES ON THE REUSE OF BOLTS [Go to Page]
N-1 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
N-2 GENERAL COMMENTARY
N-3 GUIDELINES FOR REUSE OF BOLTS AND NUTS
N-4 GUIDELINES FOR REUSE OF GASKETS
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX O ASSEMBLY BOLT STRESS DETERMINATION [Go to Page]
O-1 INTRODUCTION
O-2 ASSEMBLY BOLT STRESS SELECTION
O-3 SIMPLE APPROACH
O-4 JOINT COMPONENT APPROACH
O-5 DETERMINING FLANGE LIMITS
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX P TROUBLESHOOTING FLANGE JOINT LEAKAGE [Go to Page]
P-1 INTRODUCTION
P-2 SCOPE
P-3 INVESTIGATIVE AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION GUIDE
P-4 FLANGE DESIGN AND ACCEPTABLE PRACTICE CONSIDERATIONS
P-5 LEAKAGE PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS
P-6 REFERENCES
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Q CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USE OF POWERED EQUIPMENT [Go to Page]
Q-1 GENERAL GUIDANCE
Q-2 PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRIC TORQUE WRENCHES
Q-3 HYDRAULIC TORQUE WRENCHES
Q-4 HYDRAULIC TENSIONERS
Q-5 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF TORQUE TOOL PERFORMANCE
Q-6 REFERENCE
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R ASSEMBLY RECORDS MANAGEMENT [Go to Page]
R-1 PURPOSES OF JOINT ASSEMBLY RECORDS
R-2 MAINTENANCE OF JOINT ASSEMBLY RECORDS [Go to Page]

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ASME PCC-1-2022 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly, 2022

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