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Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake and Tsunami of December 26, 2004, 2008
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgments
- SECTION 1: Introduction [Go to Page]
- 1.1 Overview [Go to Page]
- 1.1.1 Investigation Team
- 1.2 Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 1.2.1 Investigation Team for Sri Lanka
- 1.3 South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 1.1.1 Investigation Team for the South India Peninsula
- 1.4 Thailand [Go to Page]
- 1.4.1 Thailand Investigation Team
- 1.5 Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 1.5.1 Andaman and Nicobar Islands Investigation Team
- SECTION 2: Geoscience and Tsunami Generation [Go to Page]
- Geoscience and Tsunami Generation
- 2.1 Introduction [Go to Page]
- 2.1.1 Seismotectonic Setting
- 2.1.2 Region near Source Zone
- 2.1.3 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Map
- 2.1.4 Recent Great Subduction-zone Earthquakes
- 2.1.5 Fault Rupture
- 2.1.6 Seismic Ground Motions
- 2.1.7 Earthquake Intensity
- 2.1.8 March 28, 2005 Earthquake
- 2.1.9 Research Efforts
- 2.1.10 Geoscience Observations
- 2.2 Geoscience and Tsunami Specific to the South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 2.2.1 Overview of System Performance
- 2.2.3 Damage Sites
- 2.2.4 Observations
- 2.3 Geoscience and Tsunami Aspects Specific to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- SECTION 3: Roadway Transportation Systems [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 3.1.1 Roads and Bridges
- 3.1.2 Emergency Ferry Service
- 3.1.3 Bus Service
- 3.2 Roadway Transportation Systems in the South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1 Introduction
- 3.2.2 Locations of Damage
- 3.3 Roadway Transportation Systems in Thailand [Go to Page]
- 3.3.1 Roadways
- 3.3.2 Bridges
- 3.3.3 Observations and Recommendations
- 3.4 Roadway Transportation Systems on Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 3.4.1 Description of System
- 3.4.2 Overview of System Performance
- 3.4.3 Locations of Damage
- 3.4.4 Observations and Recommendations
- SECTION 4: Electrical Power Systems [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Electrical Power Systems—Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 4.1.1 Power System Damage
- 4.1.2 Power System Recovery
- 4.1.3 Power System Lessons Learned
- 4.2 Electric Power System—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 Power System Damage
- 4.2.2 Power System Recovery
- 4.2.3 Power System Lessons Learned
- 4.2.4 Acknowledgements
- 4.3 Electrical Power Systems—Thailand [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 4.4 Electrical Power Systems—Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 Overview of System Performance
- 4.4.2 Transmission Line Failure, New Haddo Wharf, Port Blair, South Andaman Island
- 4.4.3 Bamboo Flat (Phoenix Bay) 20-MW Power-Plant Failure, South Andaman Island
- 4.4.4 Kalpong Hydroelectric Power Plant Failure near Diglipur, North Andaman Island
- 4.4.5 Transmission Tower Failure at Middle Strait
- 4.4.6 Middle Andaman Islands
- 4.4.7 Southern Islands
- 4.4.8 Major Observations and Recommendations
- SECTION 5: Water Systems [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Water Systems—Sri Lanka
- 5.2 Water Systems—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 Locations of Damage
- 5.2.2 Observations and Recommendations
- 5.3 Water Systems—Thailand [Go to Page]
- Damage to Water System at Patong Beach
- Damage to Water System at Phang Nga Navy Base
- Damage to Water System at Khao Lak Beach
- Damage to Water System at Kueh Kak Beach (Theptharo Lagoon Beach Resort)
- Damage to Water System at Kamala Beach
- Damage to Water System on Phi Phi Don Island
- 5.3.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 5.4 Water Systems—Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 Urban Water Supply
- 5.4.2 Rural Water Supply
- 5.4.3 Water Supply and Sanitation
- 5.4.4 Anti-Sea Erosion Measures
- 5.4.5 Locations of Damage
- 5.4.6 Water Mains along South Andaman Island Trunk Road
- 5.4.8 Watersheds for Port Blair in South Andaman Island
- 5.4.9 Elevated Water Tanks
- 5.4.10 Observations and Recommendations
- SECTION 6: Wastewater Systems [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Wastewater Systems—Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 6.1.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 6.2 Wastewater Systems—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 6.3 Wastewater Systems—Thailand [Go to Page]
- Damage to the Patong Municipality Wastewater Treatment Plant
- Damage to Sewer Pump Stations Operated by Patong Municipality
- Sewer Pump Station No. 1
- Sewer Pump Station No. 2
- Sewer Pump Station No. 3
- Sewer Pump Station No. 4
- Damage to Club Med Wastewater-Treatment Plant at Kata Noi Beach
- Damage at Other Wastewater Systems
- 6.3.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 6.4 Wastewater System—Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Description of System
- 6.4.2 Observations and Recommendations
- SECTION 7: Railway Systems [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Railway Systems—Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 Lessons Learned
- 7.2 Railway Systems—South India Peninsula
- 7.3 Railway Systems—Thailand
- 7.4 Railway Systems—Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- SECTION 8: Airports [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Airports—Sri Lanka
- 8.2 Airports—South India Peninsula
- 8.3 Airports—Thailand [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 Observations and Recommendations
- 8.4 Airports—Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- SECTION 9: Seaports and Harbors [Go to Page]
- 9.1 Seaports and Harbors—Sri Lanka
- 9.2 Seaports and Harbors—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Chennai Port
- 9.2.2 Chidambaranar Oil Jetty at Nagore
- 9.2.3 Pondicherry Port Pier
- 9.2.4 Cuddalore Dockyard
- 9.2.5 Nagapattinam Port and Dockyard
- 9.2.6 Fishing Village Fish-Auction Stations
- 9.2.7 The Shore Temple and Village at Mamallapuram
- 9.2.8 Other Ports and Fishing Harbors
- 9.2.9 Observations and Recommendations
- 9.2.11 Acknowledgements
- 9.3 Seaports and Harbors—Thailand [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 Seaports
- 9.3.2 Observations and Recommendations
- 9.4 Ports—Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 9.4.1 The Port at Port Blair, South Andaman Islands
- 9.4.2 Overview of System Performance
- 9.4.3 Damage to the Port of Port Blair
- 9.4.4 Observations and Recommendations
- 9.4.5 Acknowledgements
- SECTION 10: Telecommunications Systems [Go to Page]
- 10.1 Telecommunication Systems—Sri Lanka
- 10.2 Telecommunications System—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 10.2.1 Description of System
- 10.2.2 Overview of System Performance
- 10.2.3 Nagapattinam
- 10.2.4 Kalpakkam
- 10.2.5 Transmission and Distribution System
- 10.2.6 Observations and Recommendations
- 10.2.7 Acknowledgements
- 10.3 Telecommunications Systems—Thailand [Go to Page]
- 10.3.1 Observations and Recommendations
- SECTION 11: Social Services [Go to Page]
- 11.1 Social Services—Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 11.1.1 Medical Facilities and Emergency Health Care—Sri Lanka
- 11.1.2 Emergency Services and Military Assistance—Sri Lanka
- 11.1.3 Observations and Recommendations
- 11.2 Social Services— South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 11.2.1 Social Impacts, Relief Camps, and Welfare Centers—South India Peninsula
- 11.2.1.8 Observations and Recommendations
- 11.2.1.9 Acknowledgements
- 11.3 Social Services—Thailand [Go to Page]
- 11.3.1 Medical Facilities and Emergency Health Care—Thailand
- 11.3.2 Emergency Services and Foreign Military Assistance—Thailand
- 11.4 Social Services—Andaman and Nicobar Islands [Go to Page]
- 11.4.1 Medical Facilities and Emergency Health Care—Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- 11.4.2 Social Impact, Relief Camps, and Welfare Centers—Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- 11.4.2.4 Conclusions
- SECTION 12: Tsunami Warnings, De-alerts, and Warning Systems [Go to Page]
- 12.1 Tsunami Warnings, De-alerts, and Warning Systems—Sri Lanka [Go to Page]
- 12.1.1 Tsunami Warnings from Historical Record
- 12.1.2 Tsunami Warnings on December 26, 2004
- 12.1.3 Tsunami Alarm on December 30, 2004
- 12.1.4 Tsunami Alarm on March 28, 2005
- 12.1.5 Tsunami Non-alarm on July 24, 2005
- 12.1.6 Tsunami Warning Systems
- 12.1.7 Major Observations and Recommendations
- 12.1.8 Acknowledgements
- 12.2 Tsunami Warnings, De-alerts, and Warning Systems—South India Peninsula [Go to Page]
- 12.2.1 Tsunami Warnings from the Archaeological and Historical Record
- 12.2.2 Tsunami Warnings on December 26, 2004
- 12.2.3 False Tsunami Alarm of December 30, 2004
- 12.2.4 False Alarms of January 4, January 5, and January 7, 2005
- 12.2.5 Tsunami Warning of March 28, 2005
- 12.2.6 Tsunami Warning Systems for India
- 12.3 Tsunami Warnings, De-alerts, and Warning Systems—Thailand
- Index [Go to Page]
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- Q
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
- Y
- Z [Go to Page]
