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ASHRAE Standard 170-2021 -- Ventilation of Health Care Facilities (ANSI Approved; ASHE Co-sponsored), 2021
- ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 170-2021 [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1. PURPOSE
- 2. SCOPE [Go to Page]
- 2.1 The requirements in this standard apply to patient care areas, resident care areas, and related support areas within health care facilities.
- 2.2 This standard applies to new buildings, additions to existing buildings, and those alterations to existing buildings that are identified within this standard.
- 2.3 This standard considers chemical, physical, and biological contaminants that can affect the delivery of medical care to patients and residents; the convalescence of patients and residents; and the safety of patients, residents, health care worker...
- 2.4 This standard establishes design requirements for temperature and humidity.
- 2.5 This standard establishes design requirements for odor control and asepsis.
- 2.6 This standard establishes design requirements for ventilation rates, including, but not limited to, outdoor air to serve health care facilities.
- 2.7 This standard does not establish comprehensive thermal comfort design requirements.
- 3. DEFINITIONS
- 4. COMPLIANCE [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Compliance Requirements
- 4.2 Administrative Requirements. Administrative requirements relating to permit requirements, enforcement by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), interpretations, claims of exemption, approved calculation methods, rights of approved calculation m...
- 4.3 Compliance Documents
- 4.4 Alternate Materials, Methods of Construction, or Design. The provisions of this standard are not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design, or building system not specifically prescribed herein, provided that suc...
- 4.5 Informative Appendices. The informative appendices to this standard and informative notes located within this standard contain recommendations, explanations, and other nonmandatory information and are not part of this standard.
- 4.6 Criteria Ranges. This standard often specifies a range of values that will comply with a specific requirement of the standard. If it is permitted by the AHJ, compliance with this requirement may be achieved by the presentation of compliance docum...
- 4.7 Space Planning. In a building that contains spaces programmed for inpatient use as well as spaces programmed for outpatient use, the inpatient care spaces shall be designed solely for inpatient use and the outpatient care spaces shall be designed...
- 5. PLANNING [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General. Space programming and planning details that impact the HVAC design shall be identified and addressed in the planning phase of design.
- 5.2 Owner Requirements. Owners/managers of health care facilities shall do the following:
- 5.3 Planning for HVAC Services in a New Facility. Design documents for new construction shall meet the following requirements:
- 5.4 Planning for the HVAC Services in an Existing Facility. If any existing air-handling, cooling, or heating equipment is to be reused, the designer shall evaluate the capacity of the equipment to determine whether it will meet the requirements of t...
- 5.5 Planning for Infection Control During Remodeling of an Existing Facility. Where required, prior to beginning modifications or remodeling of HVAC systems in an existing facility, an owner shall conduct an infection control risk assessment (ICRA). ...
- 5.6 Planning for HVAC Systems Operating During Construction. Owner and design team shall determine if, and under what conditions, the permanent HVAC systems can be used for providing temporary heating, cooling, and/or dehumidifying during constructio...
- 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Utilities
- 6.2 Air-Handling Unit (AHU) Design
- 6.3 Outdoor Air Intakes and Exhaust Discharges
- 6.4 Filtration. Filtration of mechanically supplied air shall be provided as follows:
- 6.5 Heating and Cooling Systems
- 6.6 Humidifiers. When outdoor humidity and internal moisture sources are not sufficient to meet the requirements of Tables 7-1, 8-1, or 9-1, humidification shall be provided by means of the facility air-handling systems. Steam or adiabatic high-press...
- 6.7 Air Distribution Systems
- 6.8 Energy Recovery Systems
- 6.9 Insulation and Duct Lining
- 7. SPACE VENTILATION—INPATIENT SPACES [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General Requirements. The following general requirements shall apply for space ventilation:
- 7.2 Additional Room-Specific Requirements
- 7.3 Critical Care Units
- 7.4 Surgery Rooms
- 7.5 Support Spaces
- 7.6 Behavioral and Mental Health Patient Areas. HVAC systems and related controls shall be secured as called for in the patient safety risk assessment. All exposed equipment located with these spaces shall have enclosures with rounded corners and tam...
- 8. SPACE VENTILATION—OUTPATIENT SPACES [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Specialized Outpatient Facility Requirements. The following facility types shall comply with this section: outpatient surgical, endoscopy, infusion, renal dialysis, freestanding emergency departments, and imaging facilities with Class 2 and 3 ima...
- 8.2 General Outpatient Facility Requirements. All outpatient facility types other than those indicated in Section 8.1 shall comply with this section and Table 8-2.
- 8.3 Additional Room-Specific Requirements
- 8.4 Surgery Rooms
- 8.5 Support Spaces
- 8.6 Behavioral and Mental Health Patient Areas. HVAC systems and related controls shall be secured as called for in the patient safety risk assessment. All exposed equipment located with these spaces shall have enclosures with rounded corners and tam...
- 8.7 Nuclear Medicine. Refer to Table 8-1 of this standard for both nuclear medicine treatment spaces and nuclear medicine hot-lab spaces when radiopharmaceutical preparation is performed on site (not premixed) and radioactive materials (radionuclides...
- 9. SPACE VENTILATION—RESIDENT HEALTH, CARE, AND SUPPORT SPACES [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General Requirements. The following general requirements shall apply for space ventilation:
- 9.2 Additional Room-Specific Requirements
- 9.3 Behavioral and Mental Health Facilities
- 9.4 Support Spaces
- 10. CONSTRUCTION AND SYSTEM START-UP [Go to Page]
- 10.1 Construction Phase
- 10.2 System Start-Up
- 11. NORMATIVE REFERENCES
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX A: OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE (O&M) PROCEDURES [Go to Page]
- A1. O&M in Health Care Facilities [Go to Page]
- A1.1 Operating Rooms (ORs)
- A1.2 Protective Environment (PE) Rooms. PE rooms should remain under positive pressure with respect to all adjoining rooms whenever an immunocompromised patient is present. PE rooms should be tested for positive pressure daily when an immunocompromis...
- A1.3 Airborne Infection Isolation (AII) Rooms. AII rooms should remain under negative pressure, relative to all adjoining rooms, whenever an infectious patient is present. They should be tested for negative pressure daily whenever an infectious patie...
- A1.4 Filters. Filters and filter frames should be visually inspected for pressure drop and for bypass monthly. All filters and air cleaning devices shall be replaced or maintained per manufacturer recommendations.
- A1.5 Unoccupied Turndown. When unoccupied turndown is implemented for a space, control and operate the turndown mode such that a relative humidity of 60% is not exceeded in the space.
- A2. Special Maintenance for HVAC Units [Go to Page]
- A2.1 Fan-Coil Unit and Heat Pumps. The fan-coil unit and heat-pump filters serving patient rooms should be inspected for pressure drop monthly, or on an effective preventative maintenance cycle, and should be replaced when that pressure drop causes a...
- A2.2 Fin-Tube Radiation Units, Induction Units, and Convection Units. Fin-tube radiation units, induction units, and convection units serving patient rooms should be cleaned quarterly or on an effective preventative maintenance cycle.
- A2.3 Fan-Powered Terminal Units. Fan-powered terminal-unit filters serving patient rooms should be inspected for pressure drop monthly, or on an effective preventative maintenance cycle, and should be replaced when the pressure drop causes a reductio...
- A3. Air Intake Opening for Areaway
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX B: THERMAL COMFORT
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX C: AIR CLASSIFICATIONS
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX D: RECOMMENDED FILTER EFFICIENCIES BY SPACE TYPE
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX E: INFORMATIVE REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX F: ADDENDA DESCRIPTION INFORMATION [Go to Page]
