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ASME B31.11 Slurry Transportation Piping Systems , 2002
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
- INTRODUCTION
- SUMMARY OF CHANGES
- CHAPTER I SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS [Go to Page]
- 1100 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 1100.1 Scope [Go to Page]
- 1100.1.1
- 1100.1.2
- 1100.2 Definitions
- CHAPTER II DESIGN [Go to Page]
- PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA [Go to Page]
- 1101 DESIGN CONDITIONS [Go to Page]
- 1101.1 General
- 1101.2 Pressure [Go to Page]
- 1101.2.1 Maximum Steady State Operating Pressure
- 1101.2.2 Internal Design Pressure
- 1101.2.3 External Design Pressure
- 1101.3 Temperature [Go to Page]
- 1101.3.1 Design Temperature Range
- 1101.4 Ambient Influences [Go to Page]
- 1101.4.1 Fluid Expansion Effects
- 1101.4.2 Fluid Freeze
- 1101.5 Dynamic Effects [Go to Page]
- 1101.5.1 Impact
- 1101.5.2 Wind
- 1101.5.3 Earthquake
- 1101.5.4 Vibration
- 1101.5.5 Subsidence
- 1101.5.6 Waves and Currents
- 1101.6 Weight Effects [Go to Page]
- 1101.6.1 Live Loads
- 1101.6.2 Dead Loads
- 1101.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Loads
- 1101.8 Relative Movement of Connected Components
- 1101.9 Potential Slurry Erosion-Corrosion
- 1101.10 Other Design Considerations
- 1102 DESIGN CRITERIA [Go to Page]
- 1102.1 General
- 1102.2 Pressure-Temperature Ratings for Piping Components [Go to Page]
- 1102.2.1 Components Having Specific Ratings
- 1102.2.2 Components Not Having Specific Ratings
- 1102.2.3 Ratings: Normal Operating Conditions
- 1102.2.4 Allowance for Variations From Normal Operations
- 1102.2.5 Ratings: Considerations for Different Pressure Conditions
- 1102.3 Allowable Stress Values and Other Stress Limits [Go to Page]
- 1102.3.1 Allowable Stress Values
- 1102.3.2 Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and Thermal Expansion
- 1102.3.3 Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads
- 1102.4 Allowances [Go to Page]
- 1102.4.1 Corrosion and/or Erosion
- 1102.4.2 Threading and Grooving
- 1102.4.3 Weld Joint Factors
- 1102.4.4 Wall Thickness and Defect Tolerances
- PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 1103 CRITERIA FOR PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS
- 1104 PRESSURE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 1104.1 Straight Pipe [Go to Page]
- 1104.1.1 General
- 1104.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
- 1104.1.3 Straight Pipe Under External Pressure
- 1104.2 Curved Segments of Pipe [Go to Page]
- 1104.2.1 Pipe Bends
- 1104.2.2 Elbows
- 1104.3 Intersections [Go to Page]
- 1104.3.1 Branch Connections
- 1104.3.4 Attachments
- 1104.5 Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks [Go to Page]
- 1104.5.1 Flanges: General
- 1104.6 Reducers
- 1104.7 Pressure Design of Other Pressure Containing Components
- PART 3 DESIGN APPLICATIONS OF PIPING COMPONENTS SELECTION AND LIMITATIONS [Go to Page]
- 1105 PIPE [Go to Page]
- 1105.2 Metallic Pipe [Go to Page]
- 1105.2.1 Ferrous Pipe
- 1106 FITTINGS, ELBOWS, BENDS, AND INTERSECTIONS [Go to Page]
- 1106.1 Fittings [Go to Page]
- 1106.1.1 General
- 1106.2 Bends and Intersections [Go to Page]
- 1106.2.1 Bends Made From Pipe
- 1106.2.2 Mitered Bends
- 1106.2.3 Factory-Made Bends and Elbows
- 1106.2.4 Wrinkle Bends
- 1106.3 Couplings
- 1106.4 Reductions [Go to Page]
- 1106.4.1 Reducers
- 1106.4.2 Orange Peel Swages
- 1106.5 Intersections
- 1106.6 Closures [Go to Page]
- 1106.6.1 Quick-Opening Closures
- 1106.6.2 Closure Fittings
- 1106.6.3 Closure Heads
- 1106.6.4 Fabricated Closures
- 1106.6.5 Blind Flange Closures
- 1106.8 Special Fittings and Connections
- 1107 VALVES [Go to Page]
- 1107.1 General
- 1107.8 Special Valves
- 1108 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, GASKETS, AND BOLTING [Go to Page]
- 1108.1 Flanges [Go to Page]
- 1108.1.1 General
- 1108.3 Flange Facings [Go to Page]
- 1108.3.1 General
- 1108.4 Gaskets [Go to Page]
- 1108.4.1 General
- 1108.4.2 Standard Gaskets
- 1108.4.3 Special Gaskets
- 1108.5 Bolting [Go to Page]
- 1108.5.1 General
- 1108.5.2 Bolting for Steel Flanges
- 1108.5.3 Bolting for Insulating Flanges
- 1108.5.4 Bolting Steel to Cast Iron Flanges
- 1108.5.5 Bolting for Special Flanges
- 1109 USED PIPING COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT
- PART 4 SELECTION AND LIMITATION OF PIPING JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 1111 WELDED JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 1111.2 Butt Welds
- 1112 FLANGED JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 1112.1 General
- 1114 THREADED JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 1114.1 General
- 1118 SLEEVE, COUPLED, AND OTHER PROPRIETARY JOINTS [Go to Page]
- 1118.1 General
- PART 5 EXPANSION, FLEXIBILITY, STRUCTURAL ATTACHMENTS, SUPPORTS, AND RESTRAINTS [Go to Page]
- 1119 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY [Go to Page]
- 1119.1 General
- 1119.5 Flexibility [Go to Page]
- 1119.5.1 Means of Providing Flexibility
- 1119.6 Properties [Go to Page]
- 1119.6.1 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
- 1119.6.2 Modulus of Elasticity
- 1119.6.3 Poisson's Ratio
- 1119.6.4 Stress Values
- 1119.7 Analysis [Go to Page]
- 1119.7.3 Basic Assumptions and Requirements
- 1120 LOADS ON EQUIPMENT [Go to Page]
- 1120.1 General
- 1121 DESIGN OF PIPE SUPPORTING ELEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 1121.1 Supports, Braces, and Anchors
- PART 6 OTHER SPECIFIC PIPING [Go to Page]
- 1122 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- 1122.3 Instrument and Other Piping
- 1122.6 Pressure Disposal Piping [Go to Page]
- 1122.6.1 Stop Valves in Piping for Pressure Relieving Safety Devices.
- 1122.6.2 Discharge Piping for Pressure Relieving Safety Devices.
- CHAPTER III MATERIALS [Go to Page]
- 1123 MATERIALS: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- 1123.1 Acceptable Materials and Specifications
- 1123.2 Limitations on Materials [Go to Page]
- 1123.2.1 General
- 1123.2.3 Steel
- 1123.2.4 Cast Irons
- 1125 MATERIALS APPLIED TO MISCELLANEOUS PARTS [Go to Page]
- 1125.3 Gaskets
- 1125.4 Bolting
- CHAPTER IV DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- 1126 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD AND NONSTANDARD PIPING COMPONENTS (See Table 1126.1) [Go to Page]
- 1126.1 Standard Piping Components
- 1126.2 Nonstandard Piping Components
- 1126.3 Threads
- CHAPTER V CONSTRUCTION, WELDING, AND ASSEMBLY [Go to Page]
- 1134 CONSTRUCTION [Go to Page]
- 1134.1 General
- 1134.2 Inspection
- 1134.3 Right of Way [Go to Page]
- 1134.3.1 Location
- 1134.3.2 Construction Requirements
- 1134.3.3 Survey and Marking
- 1134.4 Handling, Hauling, Stringing, and Storing
- 1134.5 Damage to Fabricated Items and Pipe
- 1134.6 Ditching
- 1134.7 Bends and Elbows [Go to Page]
- 1134.7.1 Bends Made From Pipe
- 1134.7.2 Factory-Made Bends and Elbows
- 1134.8 Welding [Go to Page]
- 1134.8.1 General
- 1134.8.2 Welding Processes and Filler Metal
- 1134.8.3 Welding Qualifications
- 1134.8.4 Welding Standards
- 1134.8.5 Welding Quality
- 1134.8.6 Types of Welds, Joint Designs, and Transition Nipples
- 1134.8.7 Removal or Repair of Defects
- 1134.8.8 Preheating and Interpass Temperature
- 1134.8.9 Stress Relieving
- 1134.9 Tie-In
- 1134.10 Installation of Pipe in the Ditch
- 1134.11 Backfilling
- 1134.12 Restoration of Right of Way and Cleanup
- 1134.13 Special Crossings [Go to Page]
- 1134.13.1 Water Crossings
- 1134.13.2 Overhead Structures
- 1134.13.3 Bridge Attachments
- 1134.13.4 Railroad and Highway Crossings
- 1134.14 Offshore and Inland Coastal Water Construction
- 1134.15 Block and Isolating Valves [Go to Page]
- 1134.15.1 General
- 1134.15.2 Mainline Valves
- 1134.16 Connections to Main Lines
- 1134.17 Scraper Traps
- 1134.18 Line Markers
- 1134.19 Corrosion-Erosion Control
- 1134.20 Pump Station and Terminal Construction [Go to Page]
- 1134.20.1 General
- 1134.20.2 Location
- 1134.20.3 Building Installation
- 1134.20.4 Pumping Equipment and Prime Movers
- 1134.20.5 Pump Station and Terminal Piping
- 1134.20.6 Controls and Protective Equipment
- 1134.20.7 Fire Protection
- 1134.21 Tankage and Holding Ponds [Go to Page]
- 1134.21.1 General
- 1134.21.2 Location
- 1134.21.3 Tankage
- 1134.21.4 Foundations
- 1134.21.5 Holding Ponds
- 1134.22 Electrical Installations [Go to Page]
- 1134.22.1 General
- 1134.22.2 Care and Handling of Materials
- 1134.22.3 Installation
- 1134.23 Slurry Metering
- 1135 ASSEMBLY OF PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 1135.1 General
- 1135.2 Bolting Procedures
- 1135.3 Pumping Unit Piping
- 1135.4 Manifolds
- 1135.5 Auxiliary Slurry Piping
- CHAPTER VI INSPECTION AND TESTING [Go to Page]
- 1136 INSPECTION [Go to Page]
- 1136.1 General
- 1136.2 Qualification of Inspectors
- 1136.5 Type and Extent of Examination Required [Go to Page]
- 1136.5.1 Visual
- 1136.5.2 Supplementary Types of Examination
- 1136.6 Repair of Defects
- 1137 TESTING [Go to Page]
- 1137.1 General [Go to Page]
- 1137.1.3 Testing of Fabricated Items
- 1137.1.4 Testing After New Construction
- 1137.2 Test Liquid
- 1137.4 Test Pressure [Go to Page]
- 1137.4.1 Proof Testing
- 1137.4.3 Leak Testing
- 1137.6 Qualification Tests [Go to Page]
- 1137.6.1 Visual Examination
- 1137.6.2 Bending Properties
- 1137.6.3 Determination of Wall Thickness
- 1137.6.4 Determination of Weld Joint Factor
- 1137.6.5 Weldability
- 1137.6.6 Determination of Yield Strength
- 1137.6.7 Minimum Yield Strength Value
- 1137.7 Records
- CHAPTER VII OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES [Go to Page]
- 1150 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF SLURRY TRANSPORTATION PIPING SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
- 1150.1 General
- 1150.2 Operation and Maintenance Plans and Procedures
- 1151 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 1151.1 Operating Pressure
- 1151.2 Communications
- 1151.3 Markers
- 1151.4 Right-of-Way Maintenance
- 1151.5 Patrolling
- 1151.6 Pipeline Repairs [Go to Page]
- 1151.6.1 General.
- 1151.6.2 Permanent Repairs for Pipelines Operating at a Hoop Stress of More Than 20% of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength of the Pipe
- 1151.6.3 Testing Repairs to Pipelines Operating at a Hoop Stress of More Than 20% of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength of the Pipe
- 1151.7 Derating a Pipe Segment to a Lower Operating Pressure
- 1151.8 Valve Maintenance
- 1151.9 Railroads and Highways Crossing Existing Pipelines
- 1151.10 Platform Risers
- 1152 PUMP STATION, TERMINAL, AND STORAGE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 1152.1 General
- 1152.2 Controls and Protective Equipment
- 1152.3 Storage Facilities
- 1152.4 Storage of Combustible Materials
- 1152.5 Fencing
- 1152.6 Signs
- 1153 CORROSION-EROSION CONTROL
- 1154 EMERGENCY PLAN
- 1155 RECORDS
- 1156 QUALIFYING A PIPING SYSTEM FOR A HIGHER OPERATING PRESSURE
- 1157 ABANDONING A PIPING SYSTEM
- CHAPTER VIII CORROSION AND EROSION CONTROL [Go to Page]
- 1160 GENERAL
- 1161 EXTERNAL CORROSION: BURIED OR SUBMERGED PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- 1161.1 New Installations [Go to Page]
- 1161.1.1 General
- 1161.1.2 Protective Coating
- 1161.1.3 Cathodic Protection System
- 1161.1.4 Electrical Isolation
- 1161.1.5 Test Leads
- 1161.1.6 Electrical Interference
- 1161.2 Existing Piping Systems
- 1161.3 Monitoring
- 1161.4 Corrective Measures
- 1162 EXTERNAL CORROSION: PIPING EXPOSED TO ATMOSPHERE [Go to Page]
- 1162.1 New Installations
- 1162.2 Existing Piping Systems
- 1162.3 Monitoring
- 1162.4 Corrective Measures
- 1163 INTERNAL EROSION-CORROSION CONTROL [Go to Page]
- 1163.1 New Installations
- 1163.2 Existing Piping Systems
- 1163.3 Monitoring
- 1163.4 Corrective Measures
- 1166 RECORDS
- MANDATORY APPENDICES [Go to Page]
- I REFERENCED STANDARDS
- II SUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE B31 PRESSURE PIPING COMMITTEE [Go to Page]
- II-1 INTRODUCTION
- II-2 INQUIRY FORMAT
- II-3 CODE REVISIONS OR ADDITIONS
- II-4 CODE CASES
- II-5 CODE INTERPRETATIONS
- II-6 SUBMITTAL AND RESPONSE
- INDEX
- FIGURES [Go to Page]
- 1104.3.1(b)(3) Reinforced Extruded Outlets
- 1104.3.1(c)(1) Welding Details for Openings With Complete Encirclement Types of Reinforcement
- 1104.3.1(c)(2) Welding Details for Openings With Localized-Type Reinforcement
- 1104.3.1(c)(3) Welding Details for Openings Without Reinforcement Other Than in Header and Branch Walls
- 1104.3.1(d)(2) Reinforcement of Branch Connections
- 1119.6.4(c) Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, i
- 1134.8.6(a)-(1) Acceptable Butt Welded Joint Design for Equal Wall Thickness
- 1134.8.6(a)-(2) Acceptable Butt Welded Joint Design for Unequal Wall Thickness
- 1134.8.6(b) Recommended Attachment Details of Flanges
- 1151.6.2(a)(7) Parameters Used in Analysis of the Strength of Corroded Areas
- TABLES [Go to Page]
- 1102.3.1(a) Tabulation of Examples of Allowable Stresses for Reference Use in Piping Systems Within the Scope of This Code
- 1102.4.3 Weld Joint Factor, E
- 1104.3.1(c) Design Criteria for Welded Branch Connections
- 1106.2.1(b) Minimum Radius of Field Cold Bends
- 1123.1 Material Standards
- 1126.1 Dimensional Standards
- 1134.6(a) Minimum Cover for Buried Pipelines
- 1137.6.5 Minimum Number of Test Welds
- 1137.6.6 Minimum Number of Tensile Tests [Go to Page]