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ASME PTC 19.2 Pressure Measurement Instruments and Apparatus Supplement , 2010
- CONTENTS
- NOTICE
- FOREWORD
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- COMMITTEE ROSTER
- CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC 19.2 COMMITTEE
- Section 1 Object and Scope [Go to Page]
- 1- 1 OBJECT
- 1- 2 SCOPE
- 1-3 UNCERTAINTY
- Section 2 Definitions and Terms [Go to Page]
- 2- 1 INTRODUCTION
- 2- 2 DEFINITIONS
- 2- 3 UNITS
- 2- 4 DYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS
- 2- 5 USE OF CONTROL AND OPERATING INSTRUMENTATION
- 2- 6 TWO- PHASE FLUID SYSTEMS
- Section 3 Measurement Devices [Go to Page]
- 3- 1 TYPES OF DEVICES
- 3- 2 PRESSURE TRANSMITTERS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
- 3- 3 ELASTIC GAUGES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
- Section 4 Calibration and Standards
- Section 5 Measurement Installations [Go to Page]
- 5- 1 PRESSURE TAPS
- 5- 2 PRESSURE PROBES
- 5- 3 CONNECTING PIPING
- 5- 4 DIAPHRAGM SEALS
- 5- 5 INSTALLATION EFFECTS
- Section 6 Uncertainties in Pressure Measurement [Go to Page]
- 6- 1 INTRODUCTION
- 6- 2 COMBINED STANDARD UNCERTAINTY AND EXPANDED UNCERTAINTY
- 6- 3 RANDOM STANDARD UNCERTAINTY
- 6- 4 USING ELEMENTAL RANDOM ERROR SOURCES
- 6- 5 SYSTEMATIC STANDARD UNCERTAINTY
- 6- 6 PROPAGATION OF MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTIES INTO A RESULT
- 6- 7 UNCERTAINTY OF MEASUREMENTS ( EXAMPLE)
- FIGURES [Go to Page]
- 2-2-1 Pressure Terminology
- 3-1.1-1 Typical Pressure Devices
- 3-1.2.1-1 Wheatstone Bridge
- 3-1.2.1-2 Bonded Strain Gauge
- 3-1.2.2-1 Typical Deposited-Thin-Film Strain Gauge
- 3-1.2.3-1 Typical Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor
- 3-1.2.4-1 Typical Variable Capacitive Pressure Sensor
- 3-1.2.5-1 Photoelectric Pressure Sensor
- 3-1.2.6-1 Inductive Pressure Sensor
- 3-1.2.7-1 Preferred Schematic Representation of the Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)
- 3-1.2.8-1 Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor
- 3-1.2.9-1 Pressure Transducer With Vibrating Element
- 3-2.1.1-1 Typical Flow Installations
- 3-2.1.1-2 Exploded View of Differential-Pressure Transmitter
- 3-2.1.2.1-1 Flange-Mounted Transmitters (Courtesy of The Foxboro Company)
- 3-2.1.2.1-2 Flange Transmitter Mounted Directly to Tank Nozzle
- 3-2.1.2.1-3 Open-Tank Installation With Remote-Seal Type of Transmitter
- 3-2.1.2.2-1 Schematic Diagram of Closed-Tank Transmitter Primary
- 3-2.1.2.2-2 Closed-Tank Installation, Dry Leg
- 3-2.1.2.2-3 Closed-Tank Installation, Dry Leg Transmitter Above Datum Line
- 3-2.1.2.2-4 Closed-Tank Installation, Dry Leg Transmitter Below Datum Line
- 3-2.1.2.2-5 Closed-Tank Installation, Wet Leg
- 3-2.1.2.2-6 Closed-Tank Installation, Wet Leg Transmitter Above Datum Line
- 3-2.1.2.2-7 Closed-Tank Installation, Wet Leg Transmitter Below Datum Line
- 3-2.1.2.2-8 Closed-Tank Installation, Dry Leg Transmitter Above Upper Process Tap
- 3-2.1.2.3-1 Repeater-Type Level-Measurement Device
- 3-2.1.3.1-1 Hydrostatic Head Provides One Method of Density Measurement
- 3-2.1.3.1-2 Differential Hydrostatic Head Increases Sensitivity of Density Measurement
- 3-2.1.3.2-1 Common Method of Measuring Density of a Process Liquid
- 3-2.2.1-1 Typical Drum Water Level
- 3-3.1.1-1 Bourdon Gauge
- 3-3.1.1-2 Bourdon Tubes
- 3-3.1.2-1 Bellows Gauge
- 3-3.1.3-1 Slack Diaphragm Gauge
- 4-1 Pressure-Measurement Calibration Hierarchy
- 5-1-1 Tap Geometry
- 5-1.1-1 Errors for Different Size Taps in Fully Developed Pipe Flow
- 5-1.2-1 Relative Tap Errors as Percent of Dynamic Pressure
- 5-2.1.1-1 Impact Tube
- 5-2.1.1-2 Variation of Total Pressure Indication With Angle of Attack and Geometry for Pitot Tubes
- 5-2.1.2-1 Keil Probe
- 5-2.1.2-2 Total Pressure Location on a Cylinder in a Flow Field
- 5-2.2.1-2 Pitot-Static Tube
- 5-2.2.2-1 Cylindrical Probe, Principle of Operation
- 5-2.2.2-2 Wedge-Type Probe
- 5-2.2.2-3 Spherical- and Cone-Type Probes
- 5-2.2.3-1 Basket Probe
- 5-2.2.3-2 Alternate Basket Probe
- 5-2.2.4-1 Magnitude of Probe-Blockage Effects, Pressure Error
- 5-2.2.4-2 Magnitude of Probe-Blockage Effects, Mach Number
- 5-4.3-1 Seal Assembled With Capillary
- 5-4.3-2 Diaphragm Seals and In-Line Diaphragm Seals Installed
- 5-4.3-3 Diaphragm Seals and Probe Seal Installed
- 5-4.3-4 Threaded Diaphragm Seal
- 5-4.3-5 Flanged Diaphragm Seals
- 5-4.3-6 Integral Flange and Diaphragm Seal
- 5-4.3-7 Separate Flange and Diaphragm Seal
- 5-4.3-8 Pancake Diaphragm Seal With Capillary Connection
- 5-4.3-9 Pancake Diaphragm Seal Installed
- 5-4.3-10 Flange Extension
- 5-4.3-11 Pancake Extension
- 5-4.7-1 Vapor Pressure Curve of a Fill-Fluid
- 5-4.9-1 Response Time
- 5-4.10-1 Installation Consideration of Pressure Instrument and Diaphragm Seals
- TABLES [Go to Page]
- 2-3-1 Pressure Conversion Factors
- 3-1.3-1 Pressure Instrument Summary
- 3-2.1.2.2-1 Seal-Fluid Selection Chart
- 3-2.1.2.2-2 Type of Calibration Required for Various Transmitter Applications
- 3-2.1.3.2-1 Variations in Density for Different Fluids
- 6-7-1 Uncertainty Due to Random Error
- 6-7-2 Throttle-Pressure Uncertainties
- 6-7-3 Exhaust-Pressure Uncertainties
- 6-7-4 Condensate-Flow Uncertainties
- FORM [Go to Page]
- 3-3.6-1 Recording of Gauge-Test Data Sample
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A PISTON GAUGES [Go to Page]
- A- 1 PISTON GAUGES
- B MANOMETERS [Go to Page]
- B- 1 MANOMETERS
- C LOW- ABSOLUTE- PRESSURE ( VACUUM) INSTRUMENTS [Go to Page]
- C- 1 UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY
- C- 2 TECHNOLOGY
- C- 3 DIRECT MEASURING DEVICES
- Table C- 1- 1 Vacuum Measurement Units
- C- 4 INFERENTIAL MEASURING DEVICES
- C- 5 APPLICATIONS CONSIDERATIONS
- D REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY [Go to Page]
- D- 1 REFERENCES
- D- 2 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Go to Page]