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16/30337793 DC BS EN 14374. Timber structures. Laminated veneer lumber (LVL). Requirements, 2016
- 41_e_stf.pdf [Go to Page]
- European foreword
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- Figure 1 — Laminated veneer lumber without and with crossband veneers
- 4 Symbols [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Main symbols
- 4.2 Subscripts
- 5 Classification
- 6 Material characteristics and testing, assessment and sampling methods [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Modulus of elasticity, bending, compressive, tensile and shear strength of structural LVL
- 6.2 Strength and stiffness under point load of structural LVL (punching shear)
- 6.3 Racking resistance of structural LVL
- 6.4 Impact resistance of structural LVL
- 6.5 Embedment strength of fasteners in structural LVL
- 6.6 Mechanical durability (i.e. duration of load and creep) of structural LVL
- 6.7 Bonding strength and durability of bonding strength (also covering moisture resistance) of structural and non-structural LVL [Go to Page]
- 6.7.1 Bonding strength and durability of bonding strength of structural LVL
- 6.7.2 Bonding strength and durability of bonding strength of structural and non-structural LVL
- 6.8 Dimensional stability of structural and non-structural LVL (also covering durability-swelling in thickness)
- Figure 2 — Example of the angle α of a cross section of laminated veneer lumber
- Table 1 — Maximum deviations from nominal sizes and nominal angles for laminated veneer lumber not treated by pressure treatment [Go to Page]
- 6.9 Durability of other characteristics against biological attack of structural and non-structural LVL [Go to Page]
- 6.9.1 Laminated veneer lumber without preservative treatment
- 6.9.2 Laminated veneer lumber with preservative treatment against biological attack
- 6.10 Resistance to fire of structural LVL
- 6.11 Reaction to fire of structural and non-structural LVL [Go to Page]
- 6.11.1 General
- Table 2 — Classes of reaction to fire performance for wood-based panels0F ),1F ) [Go to Page]
- 6.11.2 Determination from tests [Go to Page]
- 6.11.2.1 General
- 6.11.2.2 Determination from tests for all end-uses (except flooring) for standard mounting and fixing conditions
- Figure 3 — Top view of fixing system for reaction to fire test (except flooring) according to EN 13823 [Go to Page]
- 6.11.2.3 Determination from tests for all end-uses (including flooring) for other mounting and fixing conditions
- 6.12 Fire protection ability
- Table 3 — Classes of fire protection ability for wood-based panels as wall and ceiling coverings2F ),3F ) [Go to Page]
- 6.13 Release of formaldehyde of structural and non-structural LVL
- 6.14 Release/content of other dangerous substances (also covering release/content of pentachlorphenol (PCP)) of structural and non-structural LVL
- 6.15 Water vapour permeability of structural and non-structural LVL
- Table 4 — Water vapour resistance factor µ for laminated veneer lumber as given for plywood in EN ISO 10456 [Go to Page]
- 6.16 Airborne sound insulation (surface mass) of structural and non-structural LVL [Go to Page]
- 6.16.1 General
- 6.16.2 Determination by calculation
- 6.17 Sound adsorption of structural and non-structural LVL
- 6.18 Thermal conductivity of structural and non-structural LVL
- Table 5 — Thermal conductivity λ for laminated veneer lumber [Go to Page]
- 6.19 Air permeability of structural and non-structural LVL
- 6.20 Supplementary properties of structural and non-structural LVL
- 7 Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Type testing [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 General
- 7.2.2 Test samples, testing and compliance criteria
- Table 6 — Numbers of samples to be tested and compliance criteria for structural laminated veneer lumber
- Table 7 — Numbers of samples to be tested and compliance criteria for non-structural laminated veneer lumber [Go to Page]
- 7.2.3 Test reports
- 7.2.4 Shared other party results
- 7.2.5 Cascading determination of the product type results
- 7.2.6 Additional provisions for declaration of mechanical resistance and resistance to fire by design methods
- 7.3 Factory production control (FPC) [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Provisions [Go to Page]
- 7.3.2.1 General
- 7.3.2.2 Equipment [Go to Page]
- 7.3.2.2.1 Testing
- 7.3.2.2.2 Manufacturing
- 7.3.2.3 Raw materials and components
- 7.3.2.4 Traceability and marking
- 7.3.2.5 Controls during manufacturing process
- 7.3.2.6 Product testing and evaluation
- Table 8 — Factory production control for structural laminated veneer lumber
- Table 9 — Factory production control for non - structural laminated veneer lumber [Go to Page]
- 7.3.2.7 Non-complying products
- 7.3.2.8 Corrective action
- 7.3.2.9 Handling, storage and packaging
- 7.3.3 Product specific provisions
- 7.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC [Go to Page]
- 7.3.4.1 General
- 7.3.4.2 When mechanical and fire resistance performances are to be declared using method M1 or method M3a
- 7.3.4.3 When mechanical and fire resistance performances are to be declared using method M2 or method M3b
- 7.3.5 Continuous surveillance of FPC
- 7.3.6 Procedure for modifications
- 8 Marking and labelling
- Annex A (normative) Testing of strength, stiffness and density properties of laminated veneer lumber
- A.1 General
- Table A.1 — Designation of strengths, moduli of elasticity and shear moduli
- A.2 Edgewise bending strength and edgewise modulus of elasticity in bending parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.3 Edgewise bending strength, edgewise modulus of elasticity and edgewise shear strength in bending perpendicular to the grain of the face veneers
- A.4 Flatwise bending strength and flatwise modulus of elasticity in bending parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.5 Flatwise bending strength and flatwise modulus of elasticity in bending perpendicular to the grain of the face veneers
- A.6 Tension strength and modulus of elasticity in tension parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.7 Edgewise tension strength in plane of the veneers and perpendicular to the grain of the face veneers
- A.8 Compression strength and modulus of elasticity in compression parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.9 Edgewise compression strength and edgewise modulus of elasticity in compression in plane of the veneers and perpendicular to the grain of the face veneers
- A.10 Flatwise compression strength and flatwise modulus of elasticity perpendicular to the plane of the veneers
- A.11 Edgewise shear strength and edgewise shear modulus parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.12 Flatwise shear strength and flatwise shear modulus parallel to the grain of the face veneers
- A.13 Flatwise shear strength and flatwise shear modulus perpendicular to the grain of the face veneers
- A.14 Density
- A.15 Moisture content
- Annex B (normative) Strength classes for structural laminated veneer lumber
- B.1 General
- B.2 LVL without cross-band veneers
- Table B.1 — Strength classes for structural LVL without crossband veneers
- B.3 LVL with crossband veneers
- Table B.2 — Strength classes for structural LVL with crossband veneers
- Annex C (normative) Layup factors for laminated veneer lumber with cross-band veneers
- C.1 General
- Table C.1 — Calculation of characteristic strength and stiffness values for layup 2 by using characteristic strength and stiffness values of the tested reference layup 1
- C.2 Determination of layup factors for LVL made from one species
- Figure C.1 — Example for the definition of effective veneer thicknesses am-i in laminated veneer lumber with cross-band veneers (here: m = 9)
- C.3 Layup factors for LVL made of different species
- Annex D (normative) Testing of bonding quality for structural LVL
- D.1 Specimens
- D.2 Tests
- D.3 Report
- Annex E (normative) Testing of bonding strength for non-structural LVL
- E.1 General
- E.2 Test pieces
- E.2.1 Preparation of test pieces
- E.2.1.1 General
- E.2.1.2 Layers with one or two plies in one direction
- E.2.1.2.1 General
- E.2.1.2.2 Face layer (Figure E.1)
- E.2.1.2.3 Core layers (Figure E.1)
- E.2.1.3 Layers with more than 2 plies
- E.2.1.3.1 General
- Figure E.1 — Shear strength test specimen comprising a core layer made of one or two veneers (above: specimen to test the glue line of a face layer; below: specimen to test the glue line of a core layer)
- E.2.1.3.2 Testing with a single pair of glue lines to be tested (Figure E.2)
- Figure E.2 — Tension shear strength test specimens for tests with a single pair of glue-lines for LVL having layers comprising more than two veneers
- E.2.1.3.3 Testing with more than one pair of glue lines (Figure E.3 and Figure E.4)
- Figure E.3 — Compression shear strength test specimens for tests with more than a single pair of glue-lines for LVL having layers comprising more than two veneers
- Figure E.4 — Principe of a compression shear jig for LVL
- E.2.2 Sampling
- E.2.2.1 General
- E.2.2.2 Lay-ups with layers of 1 or two plies in one direction (Figure E.1)
- E.2.2.3 Lay-ups with more than 2 plies in one direction (Figure E.2 and Figure E.3)
- E.3 Apparatus
- E.3.1 Equipment for pre-treatment
- E.3.2 Apparatus for tensile shear
- E.3.3 Additional apparatus for compression shear
- E.3.4 Evaluation of the wood fibre failure
- E.4 Procedure
- E.5 Evaluation of test results
- Annex F (normative) Release of formaldehyde
- F.1 General
- F.2 Classification
- Table F.1 — Release of formaldehyde classes
- F.3 Test procedure and test report
- Annex G (informative) Supplementary characteristics
- G.1 General
- Table G.1 — Test and assessment methods and reference documents for supplementary properties
- Annex H (informative) Supplementary design rules
- H.1 General
- H.2 Deformation factors kdef
- Table H.1 — Deformation factors kdef
- H.3 Provisions for compression perpendicular to the grain
- Table H.2 — kc,90-values and increase of the actual contact length for the design of compression strength perpendicular to the grain according to EN 1995-1-1
- H.4 Charring rate
- Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011
- ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics
- Table ZA.1.1 — Relevant clauses for structural laminated veneer lumber
- ZA.2 System of Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP)
- ZA.3 Assignment of AVPC tasks
- Table ZA.3.1 — Assignment of AVCP tasks for structural and non-structural laminated veneer lumber under system 1
- Table ZA.3.2— Assignment of AVCP tasks for non-structural laminated veneer lumber under system 3
- Table ZA.3.3 — Assignment of AVCP tasks for non-structural laminated veneer lumber under system 4
- Bibliography [Go to Page]