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eLibrary > BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements >

BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements, 2019

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BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements, 2019

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Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
English [Go to Page]
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
4 Antennas for measurement of radiated radio disturbance [Go to Page]
4.1 General
4.2 Physical parameter (measurand) for radiated disturbance measurements
4.3 Antennas for the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz [Go to Page]
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Magnetic field antenna
4.3.3 Shielding of loop antenna
4.4 Antennas for the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
4.4.1 Electric field antenna
4.4.2 Magnetic field antenna
4.4.3 Balance and electric field discrimination of antennas
4.5 Antennas for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz [Go to Page]
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Low-uncertainty antenna for use if there is an alleged non-compliance to the electric disturbance field strength limit
4.5.3 Antenna characteristics
Figure 1 – Schematic of radiation from EUT reaching an LPDA antenna directly and via ground reflection at a 3 m site, showing the beamwidth half-angle, (, at the reflected ray [Go to Page]
4.5.4 Balance of antenna
Figures [Go to Page]
[Go to Page]
4.5.5 Cross-polar response of antenna
4.6 Antennas for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz [Go to Page]
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Receive antenna
Figure 2 – RX antenna E-plane radiation pattern example, with limit area shaded for 3 m distance and 2 m EUT width
Figure 3 – Determination of maximum useable EUT width using half-power beamwidth
4.7 Special antenna arrangements – large-loop antenna system
5 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
Figure 4 – Determination of maximum useable EUT height using half-power beamwidth
6 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz [Go to Page]
6.1 General
6.2 OATS [Go to Page]
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Weather-protection enclosure
6.2.3 Obstruction-free area
6.2.4 Radio-frequency ambient environment of a test site
Figure 5 – Obstruction-free area of a test site with a turntable
Figure 6 – Obstruction-free area with stationary EUT [Go to Page]
6.2.5 Ground plane
6.3 Suitability of other test sites [Go to Page]
6.3.1 Other ground-plane test sites
6.3.2 Test sites without ground plane (FAR)
6.4 Test site validations [Go to Page]
6.4.1 General
Tables [Go to Page]
Table 1 – Site validation methods applicablefor OATS, OATS-based, SAC, and FAR site types [Go to Page]
6.4.2 Overview of test site validations
6.5 Basic parameters of the NSA method for OATS and SAC [Go to Page]
6.5.1 General equation and table of theoretical NSA values
Table 2 – Theoretical normalized site attenuation, AN – recommended geometries for broadband antennasa (1 of 2) [Go to Page]
6.5.2 Antenna calibration
6.6 Reference site method for OATS and SAC [Go to Page]
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Antennas not permitted for RSM measurements
6.6.3 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation on a REFTS
Table 3 – Example template for AAPR data sets
Table 4 – RSM frequency steps [Go to Page]
6.6.4 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation using an averaging technique on a large OATS
Figure 7 – Test point locations for 3 m and 10 m test distances
Figure 8 – Paired test point locations for all test distances
Figure 9 – Example of paired test point selection for a test distance of 10 m
6.7 Validation of an OATS by the NSA method [Go to Page]
6.7.1 Discrete frequency method
Figure 10 – Illustration of an investigation of influence of antenna mast on AAPR [Go to Page]
6.7.2 Swept frequency method
6.8 Validation of a weather-protection-enclosed OATS or a SAC
Figure 11 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements
Figure 12 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements
6.9 Possible causes for exceeding site acceptability limits
Figure 13 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
Figure 14 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
6.10 Site validation for FARs [Go to Page]
6.10.1 General
Table 5 – Maximum dimensions of test volume versus test distance
Figure 15 – Measurement positions for FAR site validation [Go to Page]
6.10.2 RSM for FAR sites
Figure 16 – Example of one measurement position and antenna tiltfor FAR site validation
Table 6 – Frequency ranges and step sizes for FAR site validation [Go to Page]
6.10.3 NSA method for FAR sites
Figure 17 – Typical quasi free-space test site reference SA measurement set-up [Go to Page]
6.10.4 Site validation criteria for FAR sites
6.11 Evaluation of set-up table and antenna tower [Go to Page]
6.11.1 General
Figure 18 – Theoretical free-space NSA as a function of frequency for different measurement distances [see Equation (16)] [Go to Page]
6.11.2 Evaluation procedure for set-up table influences
7 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz [Go to Page]
7.1 General
Figure 19 – Position of the antenna relative to the edge above a rectangle set-up table (top view)
Figure 20 – Antenna position abovethe set-up table (side view)
7.2 Reference test site
7.3 Test site validation [Go to Page]
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Acceptance criterion for site validation
7.4 Antenna requirements for SVSWR standard test procedure [Go to Page]
7.4.1 General
7.4.2 Transmit antenna
Figure 21 – Transmit antenna E-plane radiation pattern example(this example is for informative purposes only) [Go to Page]
7.4.3 Antennas and test equipment for the SVSWR reciprocal test procedure
Figure 22 – Transmit antenna H-plane radiation pattern(this example is for informative purposes only)
7.5 Required positions for site validation testing [Go to Page]
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Descriptions of SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane (Figure 23)
Figure 23 – SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane(see 7.5.2 for description) [Go to Page]
7.5.3 Descriptions of SVSWR additional measurement positions (Figure 24)
7.5.4 Summary of SVSWR measurement positions
Figure 24 – SVSWR positions (height requirements)
Table 7 – SVSWR measurement position designations (1 of 3)
7.6 SVSWR site validation – standard test procedure
7.7 SVSWR site validation – reciprocal test procedure using an isotropic field probe
7.8 SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
7.9 SVSWR site validation test report
7.10 Limitations of the SVSWR site validation method
Figure 25 – SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
Table 8 – SVSWR reporting requirements
7.11 Alternative test sites
8 Common mode absorption devices [Go to Page]
8.1 General
8.2 CMAD S-parameter measurements
8.3 CMAD test jig
8.4 Measurement method using the TRL calibration
Figure 26 – Definition of the reference planes inside the test jig
8.5 Specification of ferrite clamp-type CMAD
Figure 27 – The four configurations for the TRL calibration
8.6 CMAD performance (degradation) check using spectrum analyzer and tracking generator
Figure 28 – Limits for the magnitude of S11, measured according to the provisions of 8.1 to 8.3
Figure 29 – Example of a 50 Ω adaptor construction in the vertical flange of the jig
Figure 30 – Example of a matching adaptor with balun or transformer
9 Reverberating chamber for total radiated power measurement [Go to Page]
9.1 General
9.2 Chamber [Go to Page]
9.2.1 Chamber size and shape
9.2.2 Door, openings in walls, and mounting brackets
Figure 31 – Example of a matching adaptor with resistive matching network [Go to Page]
9.2.3 Stirrers
9.2.4 Test for the efficiency of the stirrers
Figure 32 – Example of a typical paddle stirrer [Go to Page]
9.2.5 Coupling attenuation
Figure 33 – Range of coupling attenuation as a function of frequency for a chamber using the stirrer shown in Figure 32
10 TEM cells for immunity to radiated disturbance measurement
Annexes [Go to Page]
Annex A (normative) Parameters of antennas [Go to Page]
A.1 General
A.2 Preferred antennas [Go to Page]
A.2.1 General
A.2.2 Calculable antenna
A.2.3 Low-uncertainty antennas
A.3 Simple dipole antennas [Go to Page]
A.3.1 General
A.3.2 Tuned dipole
A.3.3 Shortened dipole
A.4 Broadband antenna parameters [Go to Page]
A.4.1 General
Figure A.1 – Short dipole antenna factors for RL = 50 Ω [Go to Page]
[Go to Page]
A.4.2 Antenna type
A.4.3 Specification of the antenna
A.4.4 Antenna calibration
A.4.5 Antenna user information
Annex B (XXX) (Void)
Annex C (normative) Large-loop antenna system for magnetic field induced-current measurements in the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz [Go to Page]
C.1 General
C.2 Construction of an LLAS
C.3 Construction of a large-loop antenna (LLA)
Figure C.1 – The LLAS, consisting of three mutually perpendicular large-loop antennas
Figure C.2 – An LLA containing two opposite slits, positioned symmetrically with respect to the current probe C
Figure C.3 – Construction of an LLA slit
Figure C.4 – Example of an LLA slit construction using a strap of printed circuit board to obtain a rigid construction
Figure C.5 – Construction of the metal box containing the current probe [Go to Page]
C.4 Validation of an LLA
Figure C.6 – Example showing the routing of several cables from an EUT to minimize capacitive coupling from the leads to the LLAS [Go to Page]
C.5 Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
Figure C.7 – The eight positions of the LLAS verification dipole during validation of an LLA
Figure C.8 – Validation factor for an LLA of 2 m diameter [Go to Page]
C.6 Conversion factors
Figure C.9 – Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
Figure C.10 – Conversion factors CdA [for conversion into dB(μA/m)] and CdV for conversion into dB(μV/m)] for two standard measuring distances d
Figure C.11 – Sensitivity SD of a large-loop antenna with diameter D relative toa large-loop antenna having a diameter of 2 m
Annex D (normative) Construction details for open area test sites inthe frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz (see Clause 6) [Go to Page]
D.1 General
D.2 Ground plane construction [Go to Page]
D.2.1 Material
D.2.2 Roughness
D.3 Services to EUT
D.4 Weather-protection enclosure construction [Go to Page]
D.4.1 Materials and fasteners
Figure D.1 – The Rayleigh criterion for roughness in the ground plane
Table D.1 – Maximum roughness for 3 m, 10 m and 30 m measurement distances [Go to Page]
[Go to Page]
D.4.2 Internal arrangements
D.4.3 Size
D.4.4 Uniformity with time and weather
D.5 Turntable and set-up table
D.6 Receive antenna mast installation
Annex E (xxx) (Void)
Annex F (informative) Basis for ± 4 dB site acceptability criterion [Go to Page]
F.1 General
F.2 Error analysis
Table F.1 – Error budget
Annex G (informative) Examples of uncertainty budgets for site validation of a COMTS using RSM with a calibrated antenna pair (see 6.6) [Go to Page]
G.1 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the averaging technique
Table G.1 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the large-OATS averaging technique [Go to Page]
G.2 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using a REFTS
Table G.2 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using REFTS [Go to Page]
G.3 Quantities to be considered for COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
Table G.3 – COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
Bibliography [Go to Page]

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BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements, 2019

⨯To continue with accurate pricing,
please select your company type below: