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BS EN IEC 60071-12:2022 Insulation co-ordination - Application guidelines for LCC HVDC converter stations, 2023
- undefined
- Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
- Blank Page [Go to Page]
- English [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definition
- 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1 General
- 3.2.2 Subscripts
- 3.2.3 Letter symbols
- 3.2.4 Abbreviated terms
- 4 Typical LCC HVDC converter station schemes
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Possible arrester locations ina pole with two 12-pulse converters in series
- 5 Voltages and overvoltages in service [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Continuous operating voltages at various locations in the converter station
- Figure 2 – Possible arrester locations for a back-to-back converter station
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Symbol description
- Figure 3 – LCC HVDC converter station in a pole with one 12-pulse converter
- Figure 4 – Continuous operating voltages at various locations(location identification according to Figure 3)
- 5.2 Peak continuous operating voltage (PCOV) and crest continuous operating voltage (CCOV)
- Figure 5 – Operating voltage of a valve arrester (V), rectifier operationand definition of PCOV and CCOV
- Figure 6 – Operating voltage of a mid-point arrester (M), rectifier operation
- Figure 7 – Operating voltage of a converter bus arrester (CB), rectifier operation
- 5.3 Sources and types of overvoItages
- 5.4 Temporary overvoltage [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 General
- 5.4.2 Temporary overvoltage on the AC side
- 5.4.3 Temporary overvoltages on the DC side
- 5.5 Slow-front overvoltages [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 General
- 5.5.2 Slow-front overvoltages on the AC side
- 5.5.3 Slow-front overvoltages on the DC side
- 5.6 Fast-front, very-fast-front and steep-front overvoltages
- 6 Arrester characteristics and stresses [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Arrester characteristics
- 6.2 Arrester specification
- 6.3 Arrester stresses [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 General
- 6.3.2 AC bus arrester (A)
- 6.3.3 AC filter arrester (FA)
- 6.3.4 Transformer valve winding arresters (T)
- 6.3.5 Valve arrester (V)
- 6.3.6 Bridge arrester (B)
- 6.3.7 Converter unit arrester (C)
- 6.3.8 Mid-point DC bus arrester (M)
- 6.3.9 Converter unit DC bus arrester (CB)
- 6.3.10 DC bus and DC line/cable arrester (DB and DL/DC)
- 6.3.11 Neutral bus arrester (E, EL, EM in Figure 3, EB, E1, EL, EM in Figure 1)
- 6.3.12 DC reactor arrester (DR)
- 6.3.13 DC filter arrester (FD)
- 6.3.14 Earth electrode station arrester
- 6.4 Protection strategy [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 General
- 6.4.2 Insulation directly protected by a single arrester
- 6.4.3 Insulation protected by more than one arrester in series
- 6.4.4 Valve side neutral point of transformers
- 6.4.5 Insulation between phase conductors of the converter transformer
- 6.4.6 Summary of protection strategy
- Table 2 – Arrester protection on the DC side: one 12-pulse converter (Figure 3)
- Table 3 – Arrester protection on the DC side: two 12-pulseconverters in series (Figure 1)
- 6.5 Summary of events and stresses
- Table 4 – Events stressing arresters: one 12-pulse converter (Figure 3)
- 7 Design procedure of insulation co-ordination [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- Table 5 – Types of arrester stresses for different events:one 12-pulse converter (Figure 3)
- 7.2 Arrester requirements
- 7.3 Representative overvoltages (Urp)
- Table 6 – Arrester requirements
- Table 7 – Representative overvoltages and required withstand voltages
- 7.4 Determination of the co-ordination withstand voltages (Ucw)
- 7.5 Determination of the required withstand voltages (Urw)
- 7.6 Determination of the specified withstand voltage (Uw)
- 8 Study tools and system modelling [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Study approach and tooIs
- 8.3 System details [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 Modelling and system representation
- Table 8 – Origin of overvoltages and associated frequency ranges [Go to Page]
- 8.3.2 AC network and AC side of the LCC HVDC converter station
- Figure 8 – One pole of an LCC HVDC converter station [Go to Page]
- 8.3.3 DC overhead line/cable and earth electrode line details
- 8.3.4 DC side of an LCC HVDC converter station details
- Annex A (informative)Example of insulation co-ordination forLCC HVDC converter stations [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Example for LCC HVDC converter station in a pole with one 12-pulse converter [Go to Page]
- A.2.1 Arrester protective scheme
- A.2.2 Arrester stresses, protection and insulation levels [Go to Page]
- A.2.2.1 General
- A.2.2.2 Slow-front overvoltages transferred from the AC side
- A.2.2.3 Earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing
- A.2.3 Transformer valve side withstand voltages [Go to Page]
- A.2.3.1 Phase-to-phase
- A.2.3.2 Upper bridge transformer phase-to-earth (star)
- A.2.3.3 Lower bridge transformer phase-to-earth (delta)
- A.2.4 Air-insulated smoothing reactors withstand voltages [Go to Page]
- A.2.4.1 Terminal-to-terminal slow-front overvoltages
- A.2.4.2 Terminal-to-earth
- A.2.5 Results
- Figure A.1 – AC and DC arresters (LCC HVDC converterstation in a pole with one 12-pulse converter)
- Figure A.2 – Valve arrester stresses for slow-front overvoltages from AC side
- Figure A.3 – Arrester V2 stress for slow-front overvoltage from AC side
- A.3 Example for LCC HVDC converter station in a pole with two 12-pulse converters in series [Go to Page]
- A.3.1 Arrester protective scheme
- Figure A.4 – Valve arrester stresses for earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing
- Figure A.5 – Arrester V1 stress for earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing [Go to Page]
- A.3.2 Arrester stresses, protection and insulation levels [Go to Page]
- A.3.2.1 General
- A.3.2.2 Slow-front overvoltages transferred from the AC side
- A.3.2.3 Upper bridge transformer bushing to earth fault while lower 400 kV converter unit operating alone
- A.3.2.4 Earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing
- A.3.3 Transformer valve side withstand voltages [Go to Page]
- A.3.3.1 Phase-to-phase
- A.3.3.2 HV bridge transformer phase-to-earth (star)
- A.3.3.3 HV bridge transformer neutral point (star)
- A.3.3.4 HV bridge transformer phase-to-earth (delta)
- A.3.3.5 LV bridge transformer phase-to-earth (star)
- A.3.3.6 LV bridge transformer phase-to-earth (delta)
- A.3.4 Smoothing reactor withstand voltages [Go to Page]
- A.3.4.1 Pole line smoothing reactors
- A.3.4.2 Neutral bus smoothing reactors
- A.3.5 Results
- Figure A.6 – AC and DC arresters (LCC HVDC converter stationin a pole with two 12-pulse converters in series)
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
