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BS EN IEC 60565-2:2019 Underwater acoustics. Hydrophones. Calibration of hydrophones - Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration, 2019
- undefined
- Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
- English [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Symbols
- 5 Procedures for calibration [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Principles
- 5.2 Field limitations
- 5.3 Schematic survey of procedures
- 5.4 Reporting of results
- 5.5 Recalibration periods
- 5.6 Temperature and pressure considerations for calibration
- 5.7 Preparation of transducers
- 6 Electrical measurements [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Signal type
- 6.2 Earthing
- 6.3 Measurement of hydrophone output voltage [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 General
- 6.3.2 Electrical loading by measuring instrument
- 6.3.3 Electrical loading by extension cable
- 6.3.4 Cross-talk and acoustic interference
- 6.3.5 Integral pre-amplifier
- 6.4 Measurement of projector current
- 7 Calibration by hydrostatic excitation [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 Determination of the alternating pressure
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Diagram of calibration by hydrostatic excitation [Go to Page]
- 7.2.2 Determination of the correction factor
- 7.2.3 Determination of the equivalent height
- 7.2.4 Calculation of the pressure sensitivity of hydrophone
- 7.3 Design of vibration system
- 7.4 Alternative method for hydrostatic excitation
- 7.5 Uncertainty
- 8 Calibration by piezoelectric compensation [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 8.2.1 Determination of the sound pressure
- 8.2.2 Determination of the characteristic constant
- Figure 2 – Schematic drawing of calibration by piezoelectric compensation [Go to Page]
- 8.2.3 Calculation of the pressure sensitivity of hydrophone
- 8.3 Design of the calibration chamber [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 General
- 8.3.2 Low frequency chamber
- 8.3.3 High frequency chamber
- 8.4 Practical limitations of the piezoelectric compensation method
- 8.5 Relative calibration method
- Figure 3 – Diagram of the chamber for high frequency
- 8.6 Uncertainty
- 9 Calibration by acoustic coupler reciprocity [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Theory of acoustic coupler reciprocity
- 9.2.2 Procedures for the reciprocity calibration
- Figure 4 – Reciprocity coupler with three transducers: a projector P,a reciprocal transducer T, and a hydrophone H to be calibrated [Go to Page]
- 9.2.3 Calculation of transfer impedance
- 9.2.4 Determination of acoustic compliance
- 9.3 Limitation of acoustic coupler reciprocity [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 Frequency limit
- 9.3.2 Hydrophone limit
- 9.4 Measurement [Go to Page]
- 9.4.1 General
- 9.4.2 Evidence of interference effects
- 9.4.3 Reciprocity verification
- 9.4.4 Linearity verification
- 9.5 Uncertainty
- 10 Calibration by pistonphone [Go to Page]
- 10.1 General
- 10.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 10.2.1 Determination of the sound pressure
- 10.2.2 Determination of the compliance of the medium
- 10.2.3 Calculation of the pressure sensitivity
- 10.3 Limitations
- 10.4 Relative calibration [Go to Page]
- 10.4.1 Comparison with a reference transducer
- 10.4.2 Comparison using air–water pistonphone
- 10.5 Uncertainty
- 11 Calibration by vibrating column [Go to Page]
- 11.1 General
- 11.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 11.2.1 General
- Figure 5 – Comparison calibration using pistonphone with calibrated hydrophone [Go to Page]
- 11.2.2 Expression for the pressure
- Figure 6 – Diagram of calibration by vibrating column [Go to Page]
- 11.2.3 Determination of the sensitivity
- 11.3 Conditions of measurement [Go to Page]
- 11.3.1 Mechanical
- 11.3.2 Acoustical
- 11.4 Relative calibration method
- 11.5 Uncertainty
- 12 Calibration by static pressure transducer [Go to Page]
- 12.1 General
- Figure 7 – Diagram of calibration by vibrating column using comparison
- 12.2 Principle [Go to Page]
- 12.2.1 Theory of static pressure calibration
- 12.2.2 Determination of the sensitivity of static pressure transducer
- Figure 8 –Diagram of comparison calibration using static pressure transducer [Go to Page]
- 12.2.3 Calculation of the pressure sensitivity
- 12.3 Limitations
- 12.4 Uncertainty
- Annex A (informative)Advanced acoustic coupler calibration methods [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference coupler with two reciprocal transducers and an auxiliary coupler with the same two transducers and a hydrophone to be calibrated [Go to Page]
- A.2.1 General
- A.2.2 Theory
- Figure A.1 – Reference coupler with two transducers: a projector P anda reciprocal transducer T
- Figure A.2 – Auxiliary coupler with three transducers: a projector P,a reciprocal transducer T and a hydrophone H to be calibrated
- A.3 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference coupler with two reciprocal transducers and an auxiliary coupler with the same two transducers, a hydrophone to be calibrated, and a sound source [Go to Page]
- A.3.1 General
- A.3.2 Theory
- Figure A.3 – Auxiliary coupler with four transducers: a projector P, a reciprocaltransducer T, a sound source S and a hydrophone H to be calibrated
- A.4 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a coupler, a reciprocal transducer, a projector, a hydrophone to be calibrated, and a subsidiary body of known compliance [Go to Page]
- A.4.1 General
- A.4.2 Theory
- Figure A.4 – Schematic drawing of the measuring system
- Annex B (informative)Assessment of uncertainty in the low frequencypressure calibration of hydrophone [Go to Page]
- B.1 General
- B.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty
- B.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty
- B.4 Reported uncertainty
- B.5 Common sources of uncertainty
- Bibliography [Go to Page]