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eLibrary >
BS EN IEC 62209-3:2019 Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices - Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 6 >
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BS EN IEC 62209-3:2019 Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices - Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 6, 2019
- undefined
- Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
- English [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
- 5 Overview of the measurement procedure
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Evaluation plan checklist
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Evaluation plan checklist
- 6 Measurement system specifications [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General requirements
- 6.2 Phantom specifications [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 Head phantom specifications – shell
- 6.2.2 Body phantom specifications – shell
- 6.2.3 Tissue-equivalent medium properties
- 6.3 Measurement system requirements [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 General
- 6.3.2 Scanning measurement system specifications
- 6.3.3 Array measurement system specifications
- 6.4 Device holder specification
- 6.5 Reconstruction algorithm and peak spatial-averaging specifications
- 7 Protocol for SAR assessments [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Measurement preparation [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 General
- 7.1.2 Preparation of tissue-equivalent medium
- Figure 2 – Illustration of the shape and orientation relative to a curved phantomsurface of the distorted cubic volume for computing psSAR [Go to Page]
- 7.1.4 Preparation of the device under test (DUT)
- 7.1.5 Operating modes
- 7.1.6 Position of the DUT in relation to the phantom
- 7.1.7 Positions of the DUT in relation to the flat phantom for large DUT
- 7.1.8 Test frequencies for DUT
- 7.2 Tests to be performed
- Figure 3 – Measurements performed by shifting a large device over the efficientmeasurement area of the system including overlapping areas –in this case: six tests performed
- 7.3 General measurement procedure [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Measurement procedure for scanning systems
- 7.3.3 Measurement procedure for array systems
- 7.4 SAR measurements for simultaneous transmission [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 General
- 7.4.2 SAR measurements for uncorrelated signals
- Figure 4 – Flow chart for SAR measurements of uncorrelated signals at different frequencies using a measurement system able to distinguish between different frequency components (Method 2)
- Figure 5 – Illustration of the amplitude spectrum, as function of frequency, for simultaneously transmitted signals of multiple frequency bands emitted by a DUT
- Figure 6 – Illustration of a completely covered signal bandwidth Bs by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Ba at single transmission mode
- Figure 7 – Illustration of a completely covered signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode
- Figure 8 – Illustration of a non-coverage of the signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode
- Figure 9 – Illustration of a partial-coverage of the signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode
- Figure 10 – Illustration of reduction of the measurement system analysisbandwidth Ba to cover only one signal bandwidth Bsi (for i = 1 to N)for simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode
- Figure 11 – Illustration of increasing or moving the measurement systemanalysis bandwidth Ba to cover one or more signal bandwidth Bsi (for i = 1 to N)for simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode [Go to Page]
- 7.4.3 SAR measurements for correlated signals
- 8 Measurement uncertainty estimation [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Requirements on the measurement uncertainty evaluation
- 8.3 Description of measurement uncertainty models [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 General
- 8.3.2 Uncertainty models for array measurement system and scanning measurement systems
- 8.3.3 Example uncertainty budget templates
- Table 2 – Uncertainty budget template for the evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of the 1 g or 10 g psSAR to be carried out by the system manufacturer
- Table 3 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertaintyin the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a DUT
- Table 4 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertaintyin the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a validation antenna
- 9 Measurement report [Go to Page]
- Table 5 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty inthe measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from the system check
- Annex A (normative)Phantom specifications [Go to Page]
- A.1 SAM phantom specifications [Go to Page]
- A.1.1 Justification
- A.1.2 SAM phantom geometry
- A.1.3 Tissue-equivalent medium
- A.2 Flat phantom specifications
- Figure A.1 – Sagittally-bisected phantom with extended perimeter,used for scanning measurement systems
- A.3 Specific phantoms
- Figure A.2 – Dimensions of the elliptical phantom
- A.4 Tissue-equivalent medium
- Table A.1 – Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium
- Annex B (normative)Calibration and characterization of dosimetric probes [Go to Page]
- B.1 General
- B.2 Types of calibration [Go to Page]
- B.2.1 Amplitude calibration with analytical fields
- B.2.2 Amplitude and phase calibration by transfer calibration
- Table B.1 – Uncertainty analysis for single-probe calibration in waveguide
- Table B.2 – Uncertainty analysis for transfer calibration of array systems [Go to Page]
- B.2.3 Amplitude and phase calibration using numerical reference
- Table B.3 – Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems
- Annex C (informative)Field reconstruction techniques [Go to Page]
- C.1 General
- C.2 Objective of field reconstruction techniques
- C.3 Background
- Figure C.1 – Coordinate system for 2D planar measurement-system
- Figure C.2 – Generic configuration of SAR measurement system
- C.4 Reconstruction techniques [Go to Page]
- C.4.1 Expansion techniques
- C.4.2 Source reconstruction techniques
- C.4.3 Source base function decomposition
- C.4.4 Phase reconstruction
- Figure C.3 – Schematic representation of 2D planar measurement-based SARsystem and its coordinate system
- C.5 Source reconstruction and SAR estimation from fields measured outside the phantom
- C.6 Additional considerations for field reconstruction in scanning systems
- Figure C.4 – Source reconstruction from fields outside a phantom
- Annex D (normative)SAR measurement system verification and system validation [Go to Page]
- D.1 Objectives and purpose [Go to Page]
- D.1.1 General
- D.1.2 Objectives and purpose of system check
- D.1.3 Objectives of system validation
- D.2 SAR measurement setup and procedure for system check and system validation [Go to Page]
- D.2.1 General
- D.2.2 Power measurement setups
- Figure D.1 – Recommended power measurement setupfor system check and system validation [Go to Page]
- D.2.3 Procedure to measure and normalize SAR
- Figure D.2 – Equipment setup for measurement of forwardpower Pf and forward coupled power Pfc
- Figure D.3 – Equipment setup for measuring the shorted reverse coupled power Prcs
- Figure D.4 – Equipment setup for measuring the powerwith the reference antenna connected [Go to Page]
- D.2.4 Power measurement uncertainty
- Figure D.5 – Port numbering for the S-parameter measurementsof the directional coupler
- Table D.1 – Example of power measurement uncertainty in %
- D.3 System check [Go to Page]
- D.3.1 System check antennas and test conditions
- D.3.2 System check antennas and test conditions for scanning systems
- D.3.3 System check antennas and test conditions for array systems
- D.3.4 System check acceptance criteria
- D.4 System validation [Go to Page]
- D.4.1 Validation of array systems and scanning systems
- D.4.2 Requirements for system validation antennas and test conditions
- D.4.3 Requirements for array systems and scanning systems
- D.4.4 Test positions for system validation
- Table D.2 – Modulations and multiplexing modes used by radio systems
- Figure D.6 – SAM masks for positioning dipole antennas and VPIFAs on the head phantoms, including holes where the antenna spacer is inserted
- Figure D.7 – Flat masks for positioning VPIFAs on the flat phantoms, including a hole in the centre where the VPIFA spacer is inserted
- Figure D.8 – Dipole showing the distance of s = 15 mm
- Figure D.9 – 2-PEAK CPIFA showing the fixed distance of s = 7 mm
- Figure D.10 – VPIFA positioned showing the fixed distance of s = 2 mm
- Figure D.11 – System check and validation locations for the flat phantom
- Figure D.12 – System check and validation locations for the head phantom [Go to Page]
- D.4.5 System validation procedure based on peak spatial-average SAR
- Figure D.13 – Definition of rotation angles for dipoles
- Table D.3 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for the flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium for the antennas specified in Annex F
- Table D.4 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for antenna generating two peaks on the flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium for the antennas specified in Annex F
- Table D.5 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values on the head leftand right phantom for the antennas specified in Annex F [Go to Page]
- D.4.6 On-site system validation after installation
- Table D.6 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for antenna generating two peaks on the head left and right phantom for the antennas specified in Annex F. Modulations are as specified in Table D.2
- Table D.7 – Set of randomised tests for on-site system validation using flat phantom 1 g and 10 g psSAR, normalized to 1 W forward power, using the antennas specified in Annex F [Go to Page]
- D.4.7 System validation acceptance criteria
- Table D.8 – Set of tests for on-site system validation using left and right head phantoms for 1 g and 10 g psSAR for the antennas specified in Annex F
- Annex E (informative)Interlaboratory comparisons [Go to Page]
- E.1 Purpose
- E.2 Monitor laboratory
- E.3 Phantom set-up
- E.4 Reference devices
- E.5 Power set-up
- E.6 Interlaboratory comparison – Procedure
- Annex F (normative)System validation antennas [Go to Page]
- F.1 General requirements
- F.2 Return loss requirements
- F.3 Standard dipole antenna
- Table F.1 – Return loss values for antennas specified in Annex Fand flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium
- Table F.2 – Mechanical dimensions of the reference dipoles
- Figure F.1 – Mechanical details of the standard dipole
- F.4 VPIFA
- Figure F.2 – VPIFA validation antenna
- F.5 2-PEAK CPIFA
- Table F.3 – Dimensions for VPIFA antennas at different frequencies
- Table F.4 – Dielectric properties of the dielectric layers for VPIFA antennas
- Figure F.3 – 2-PEAK CPIFA at 2 450 MHz
- Figure F.4 – Detail of the tuning structure and matching structure
- Table F.5 – Thickness of substrates and planar metallization
- Table F.6 – Dielectric properties of FR4
- F.6 Additional antennas
- Table F.7 – Values for the antenna dimensions in Figures F.4 and F.5
- Annex G (normative)SAR calibration of reference antennas [Go to Page]
- G.1 Purpose
- Figure G.1 – Measurement setup for waveguide calibration of dosimetric probe,and similar setup (same tissue-equivalent liquid, dielectric spacer,power sensors and coupler) for antenna calibration
- G.2 Parameters or quantities and ranges to be determined by calibration method
- G.3 Reference antenna calibration setup
- Figure G.2 – Setup for calibration of a reference antenna
- G.4 Reference antenna calibration procedure [Go to Page]
- G.4.1 Verification of return loss
- G.4.2 Calibration of reference antennas: step-by-step procedure
- G.4.3 Uncertainty budget of reference antenna calibration
- Table G.1 – Example uncertainty budget for reference dipole antennacalibration for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz to 3 GHz)
- Table G.2 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna calibration (PIFA)for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz to 3 GHz)
- Table G.3 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (dipole) calibrationfor 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (3 GHz to 6 GHz)
- G.5 Method and uncertainties for the transfer of calibration between two of more antennas of the same type using the array system
- Figure G.3 – Method for the transfer of calibration between two antennasof the same type using the array system
- Table G.4 – Example uncertainty budget for the calibration ofan antenna using the transfer method, as percentages
- Annex H (informative)General considerations on uncertainty estimation [Go to Page]
- H.1 Concept of uncertainty estimation
- H.2 Type A and Type B evaluations
- H.3 Degrees of freedom and coverage factor
- H.4 Combined and expanded uncertainties
- H.5 Analytical reference functions
- Table H.1 – Parameters of analytical reference functionsand associated reference peak 10 g SAR value
- Annex I (normative)Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of SAR results from scanning vector measurement-based systems with single probes [Go to Page]
- I.1 Measurement uncertainties to be evaluated by the system manufacturer MM [Go to Page]
- I.1.1 General
- I.1.2 Calibration CF
- I.1.3 Isotropy ISO
- I.1.4 System linearity LIN
- I.1.5 Sensitivity limit SL
- I.1.6 Boundary effect BE
- I.1.7 Readout electronics RE
- I.1.8 Response time RT
- I.1.9 Probe positioning PP
- I.1.10 Sampling error SE
- I.1.11 Phantom shell PS
- I.1.12 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT
- I.1.13 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI
- I.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction corrections and post-processing to be specified by the manufacturer MN [Go to Page]
- I.2.1 General
- I.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC
- I.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL
- I.2.4 SAR averaging SAV
- I.2.5 SAR scaling SARS
- I.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC
- I.3 Uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD [Go to Page]
- I.3.1 General
- I.3.2 Probe coupling with the DUT PC
- I.3.3 Modulation Response MOD
- I.3.4 Integration time IT
- I.3.5 Measured SAR drift SD
- I.4 Uncertainties related to the measurement environment ME [Go to Page]
- I.4.1 General
- I.4.2 Device holder DH
- I.4.3 Device positioning DP
- I.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC
- I.4.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN
- I.5 Uncertainties of validation antennas MV [Go to Page]
- I.5.1 General
- I.5.2 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX
- I.5.3 Power measurement uncertainty PMU
- I.5.4 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS
- Figure I.1 – Illustration of SAR measurement results during 8 hand the centred moving average
- Annex J (normative)Evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of fixed arrayor scanning array vector measurement-based systems [Go to Page]
- J.1 Measuring system uncertainties to be evaluated by the manufacturer MM [Go to Page]
- J.1.1 General
- J.1.2 Calibration CF
- J.1.3 Isotropy ISO
- J.1.4 Mutual sensor coupling MSC
- J.1.5 Scattering due to the presence of the array AS
- J.1.6 System linearity LIN
- J.1.7 Sensitivity limit SL
- J.1.8 Boundary effect BE
- J.1.9 Readout electronics RE
- J.1.10 Response time RT
- J.1.11 Probe position PP
- J.1.12 Sampling error SE
- J.1.13 Array boundaries AB
- J.1.14 Phantom shell PS
- J.1.15 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT
- J.1.16 Phantom homogeneity HOM
- J.1.17 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI
- J.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction, corrections, and post-processing to be specified by the manufacturer MN [Go to Page]
- J.2.1 General
- J.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC
- J.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL
- J.2.4 SAR averaging SAV
- J.2.5 SAR scaling SARS
- J.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC
- J.3 Measurement system uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD [Go to Page]
- J.3.1 General
- J.3.2 Probe or probe-array coupling with the DUT PC
- J.3.3 Modulation response MOD
- J.3.4 Integration time IT
- J.3.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN
- J.4 Uncertainties related to the source or noise ME [Go to Page]
- J.4.1 General
- J.4.2 Device holder DH
- J.4.3 Device positioning DP
- J.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC
- J.4.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN
- J.5 Uncertainties of validation antennas MV [Go to Page]
- J.5.1 General
- J.5.2 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX
- J.5.3 Power measurement uncertainty PMU
- J.5.4 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
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