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BS ISO 12135:2021 Metallic materials. Unified method of test for the determination of quasistatic fracture toughness, 2022
- National foreword
- Foreword
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
- 5 General requirements [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Fracture parameters
- 5.3 Fracture toughness symbols
- 5.4 Test specimens [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 Specimen configuration and size
- 5.4.2 Specimen preparation
- 5.5 Pre-test requirements [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Pre-test measurements
- 5.5.2 Crack shape/length requirements
- 5.6 Test apparatus [Go to Page]
- 5.6.1 Calibration
- 5.6.2 Force application
- 5.6.3 Displacement measurement
- 5.6.4 Test fixtures
- 5.7 Test requirements [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1 Three-point bend testing
- 5.7.2 Compact tension testing
- 5.7.3 Specimen test temperature
- 5.7.4 Recording
- 5.7.5 Testing rates
- 5.7.6 Test analyses
- 5.8 Post-test crack measurements [Go to Page]
- 5.8.1 General
- 5.8.2 Initial crack length, a0
- 5.8.3 Stable crack extension, Δa
- 5.8.4 Unstable crack extension
- 6 Determination of fracture toughness for stable and unstable crack extension [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 Determination of plane strain fracture toughness, Klc [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 General
- 6.2.2 Interpretation of the test record for FQ
- 6.2.3 Calculation of KQ
- 6.2.4 Qualification of KQ as Klc
- 6.3 Determination of fracture toughness in terms of δ [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Determination of Fc and Vc, Fu and Vu, or Fuc and Vuc
- 6.3.2 Determination of Fm and Vm
- 6.3.3 Determination of Vp
- 6.3.4 Calculation of δ0
- 6.3.5 Qualification of δ0 fracture toughness value
- 6.4 Determination of fracture toughness in terms of J [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Determination of Fc and Vc or qc, Fu and Vu or qu, or Fuc and Vuc or quc
- 6.4.2 Determination of Fm and qm
- 6.4.3 Determination of Up
- 6.4.4 Calculation of J0
- 6.4.5 Qualification of J0 fracture toughness value
- 7 Determination of resistance curves δ-Δa and J-Δa and initiation toughness δ0,2BL and J0,2BL and δi and Ji for stable crack extension [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Test procedure [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 General
- 7.2.2 Multiple-specimen procedure
- 7.2.3 Single-specimen procedure
- 7.2.4 Final crack front straightness
- 7.3 Calculation of J and δ [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 Calculation of J
- 7.3.2 Calculation of δ
- 7.4 R-curve plot [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 Plot construction
- 7.4.2 Data spacing and curve fitting
- 7.5 Qualification of resistance curves [Go to Page]
- 7.5.1 Qualification of J-Δa resistance curves
- 7.5.2 Qualification of δ−Δa resistance curves
- 7.6 Determination and qualification of J0,2BL and δ0,2BL [Go to Page]
- 7.6.1 Determination of J0,2BL
- 7.6.2 Determination of δ0,2BL
- 7.7 Determination of initiation toughness Ji and δi by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
- 8 Test report [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Organization
- 8.2 Specimen, material and test environment [Go to Page]
- 8.2.1 Specimen description
- 8.2.2 Specimen dimensions
- 8.2.3 Material description
- 8.2.4 Additional dimensions
- 8.2.5 Test environment
- 8.2.6 Fatigue precracking conditions
- 8.3 Test data qualification [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 Limitations
- 8.3.2 Crack length measurements
- 8.3.3 Fracture surface appearance
- 8.3.4 Pop-in
- 8.3.5 Resistance curves
- 8.3.6 Checklist for data qualification
- 8.4 Qualification of Klc
- 8.5 Qualification of δc(B), δu(B), δuc(B) or δm(B)
- 8.6 Qualification of Jc(B), Ju(B), Juc(B) or Jm(B)
- 8.7 Qualification of the δ-R Curve
- 8.8 Qualification of the J-R Curve
- 8.9 Qualification of δ0,2BL(B) as δ0,2BL
- 8.10 Qualification of J0,2BL(B) as J0,2BL
- Annex A (informative) Determination of δi and Ji
- Annex B (normative) Crack plane orientation
- Annex C (informative) Example test reports
- Annex D (informative) Stress intensity factor coefficients and compliance relationships
- Annex E (informative) Measurement of load-line displacement q in the three‑point bend test
- Annex F (informative) Derivation of pop-in formulae
- Annex G (informative) Analytical methods for the determination of Vp and Up
- Annex H (informative) Guidelines for single-specimen methods
- Annex I (normative) Power-law fits to crack extension data (see Reference [42])
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
