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PAS 4445:2025 Hydrogen-fired equipment for use in industrial and commercial (non-domestic) settings. Code of Practice >
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PAS 4445:2025 Hydrogen-fired equipment for use in industrial and commercial (non-domestic) settings. Code of Practice, 2025
- Contents
- Foreword
- Introduction
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Gas classification
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Hydrogen gas
- 4.3 Gas category
- 4.4 Supply pressures
- 4.5 Diversity in the gas supply
- 5 Safety
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Risk assessment
- 5.3 Hydrogen hazards
- 5.4 Ventilation
- 5.5 Purging
- 5.6 Emergency response and fire safety
- 5.7 Electrical safety regarding unintended ignition sources
- 5.8 Personnel training and competency
- 5.9 Compliance and certification
- 6 Materials
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 Hydrogen considerations for refractory materials
- 7 Design and construction
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Burners
- 7.3 Evacuation of combustion products
- 8 Conversion of equipment to hydrogen firing
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Assessments
- 8.3 Conversion process
- 9 Performance
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Soundness of the gas circuit
- 9.3 Soundness of the combustion circuit
- 9.4 Heat inputs
- 9.5 Limiting temperatures
- 9.6 Ignition, cross-lighting and flame stability
- 9.7 Nitrogen oxides
- 9.8 Combustion and measurement
- 9.9 Rational use of energy
- 10 Markings and instructions
- 10.1 Supplementary markings
- 10.2 Packaging
- 10.3 Technical instructions
- 10.4 User instructions
- Annex A (informative) NOX emission reduction
- A.1 General
- A.2 Flue gas recirculation
- A.3 Selective catalytic reduction
- A.4 Dry low emission burners
- Annex B (informative) Flue gas efficiency
- Bibliography
- Figure 1 – The fundamental recommendations for nature-inclusive structures, illustrating the central role of nature-inclusive design and the supporting aspects throughout a structure’s life cycle
- Figure 2 – Principles of nature-inclusion
- Figure 3 – Nature-inclusive design development procedure
- Figure 4 – Nature-inclusive design procedure integrated with a civil engineering design progression of concept, outline and detailed designed phases
- Figure 5 – Supporting information for nature-inclusive design
- Table 1 – Hydrogen test gas characteristics – dry gas at 15 °C and atmospheric pressure of 1 013.25 mbar
- Table B.1 – Values for hydrogen combustion [Go to Page]
