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PD IEC TS 62607-6-1:2020 Nanomanufacturing. Key control characteristics - Graphene-based material. Volume resistivity: four probe method, 2020
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- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1 General terms
- 3.2 Key control characteristics
- 3.3 Terms related to measurements
- 4 Sample preparation
- 5 Measurement of volume resistivity of graphene pellet [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Description of the measurement apparatus
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Measurement system
- 5.2 Determination of sample amount
- 5.3 The measurement procedures
- 6 Data analysis and interpretation of results [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Minimum thickness of the pellet vs amount of the used sampleat the maximum applied pressure
- 6.2 Analysis of volume resistivity as a function of the applied pressures
- 6.3 Calculation of volume conductivity of a pellet
- 6.4 Analysis of volume resistivity (or volume conductivity) as a function of the volume density of graphene pellet
- 7 Report
- Annex A (informative)Case studies [Go to Page]
- A.1 Graphene (reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanopowder (GNP))
- A.2 Morphology change of rGO flakes before and after pressurization
- Figure A.1 – FE-SEM images of rGO flakes of (A) Company 1 (rGO-A),(B) Company 2 (rGO-B) and (C) graphene nanopowder (GNP)before (left) and after (right) pressurization
- A.3 Raman spectroscopy measurement of graphene powder before and after pressurization up to 52 MPa
- Figure A.2 – Raman spectra of (A) rGO-A, (B) rGO-B and (C) GNPbefore (black line) and after (red line) pressurization
- Figure A.3 – Comparison data for ID/IG of rGO-A (short-dash line), rGO-B (solid line) and GNP (long-dash line) before and after pressurization
- A.4 Results on powder resistivity measurements [Go to Page]
- A.4.1 Powder resistivity measurement of rGO-A (company 1) with various amounts
- Table A.1 – An example of the measurement parameters for rGO-A (0,2 g)
- Figure A.4 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness, (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: (1) 0,1 g and (2) 0,2 g of rGO-A [Go to Page]
- A.4.2 Powder resistivity measurement of 1,0 g of rGO-B (company 2)
- Figure A.5 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volumeconductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of a graphene pellet: 0,1 g (filled symbol) and 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of rGO-A
- Figure A.6 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness (t), (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) of rGO-B (1,0 g) as a function of the applied pressure
- Figure A.7 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) of rGO-B (1,0 g) as a function of the volume density (dv) of the graphene pellet
- Figure A.8 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv)of graphene pellets: 0,1 g (filled symbol), 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of rGO-A and 1,0 g (lined symbol) of rGO-B
- Table A.2 – Volume resistivity and volume conductivity of rGO pellets [Go to Page]
- A.4.3 Powder resistivity measurement of GNP
- Figure A.9 – Correlation plots of (A) thickness (t), (B) volume resistivity (ρv), and (C) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: (1) 0,1 g and (2) 0,2 g of GNP
- Figure A.10 – Correlation plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of a graphene pellet: 0,1 g (filled symbol) and 0,2 g (unfilled symbol) of GNP
- Figure A.11 – Comparison plots of (A) volume resistivity (ρv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene pellets: rGO-A (filled symbol) and GNP (unfilled symbol)
- Table A.3 – Volume resistivity and volume conductivity of GNP pellets
- Figure A.12 – XPS survey spectra of as-received (A) rGO-A, (B) rGO-B and (C) GNP
- Table A.4 – Summary of XPS data of three graphene samples in a powder form
- Table A.5 – Volume resistivity (ρv) and volume conductivity (σv) of graphene pellets [Go to Page]
- A.4.4 Powder resistivity measurement of graphene oxides with different amounts of oxygen
- Figure A.13 – Correlation plots of thickness (t) as a function of the applied pressure:0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Figure A.14 – Correlation plots of volume resistivity (ρv) as a function of the applied pressure: 0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Figure A.15 – Correlation plots of volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the applied pressure: 0,3 g samples of four types of graphene oxide (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Figure A.16 – Correlation plots of volume resistivity (ρv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Figure A.17 – Correlation plots of volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G-a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Figure A.18 – Comparison plots of (A) volume resistivity (σv) and (B) volume conductivity (σv) as a function of the volume density (dv) of graphene oxide pellet (G‑a, G-b, G-c, and G-d)
- Table A.6 – Volume resistivity (σv) and volume conductivity (σv) of four graphene oxide pellets
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
