Significance and Use

This test method is for relative comparison of materials and is not intended to determine the age at cracking of mortar or concrete in any specific type of structure, configuration, or exposure.

This test method is applicable to mixtures with aggregates of 13-mm [0.5-in.] maximum nominal size or less.

This test method is useful for determining the relative likelihood of early-age cracking of different cementitious mixtures and for aiding in the selection of cement-based materials that are less likely to crack under retrained shrinkage. Actual cracking tendency in service depends on many variables including type of structure, degree of restraint, rate of property development, construction and curing methods, and environmental conditions.

This test method can be used to determine the relative effects of material variations on induced tensile stresses and cracking potential. These variations can include, but are not limited to, aggregate source, aggregate gradation, cement type, cement content, water content, supplementary cementing materials, or chemical admixtures.

For materials that have not cracked during the test, the rate of tensile stress development at the time the test is terminated provides a basis for comparison of the materials.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics of mortar or concrete specimens under restrained shrinkage. The procedure can be used to determine the effects of variations in the proportions and material properties of mortar or concrete on cracking due to both drying shrinkage and deformations caused by autogenous shrinkage and heat of hydration.

1.2 This test method is not intended for expansive materials.

1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ( Warning Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates

C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete

C150 Specification for Portland Cement

C171 Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete

C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory

C387 Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Mortar and Concrete

C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements

C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement

C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar

F441/F441M Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80

ASME Standards

Keywords

Cracking; restrained shrinkage; ring test; shrinkage; tensile stress; Concrete; Cracking; Mortar; Ring test procedures; Shrinkage; Tensile strength/stress ;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 91.100.30 (Concrete and concrete products)

DOI: 10.1520/C1581_C1581M-09A

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM C1581 / C1581M