Cart (0)
  • No items in cart.
Total
$0
There is a technical issue about last added item. You can click "Report to us" button to let us know and we resolve the issue and return back to you or you can continue without last item via click to continue button.
Search book title
Filters:
FORMAT
BOOKS
PACKAGES
EDITION
to
PUBLISHER
(1)
(337)
(589)
(55)
(234)
(996)
(690)
(2161)
(117)
(94624)
(54)
(575)
(124)
(33)
(21)
(20)
(94991)
(3)
(17)
(1)
(374)
(315)
(6731)
(241)
(16)
(6)
(1646)
(17)
(19)
(28)
(4)
 
(6)
(7)
(115)
(3)
(57)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(25)
(27)
(27)
(13)
(61)
(24)
(22)
(7)
(8)
(20)
(1)
(3)
(50)
(6)
(33)
CONTENT TYPE
 Act
 Admin Code
 Announcements
 Bill
 Book
 CADD File
 CAN
 CEU
 Charter
 Checklist
 City Code
 Code
 Commentary
 Comprehensive Plan
 Conference Paper
 County Code
 Course
 DHS Documents
 Document
 Errata
 Executive Regulation
 Federal Guideline
 Firm Content
 Guideline
 Handbook
 Interpretation
 Journal
 Land Use and Development
 Law
 Legislative Rule
 Local Amendment
 Local Code
 Local Document
 Local Regulation
 Local Standards
 Manual
 Model Code
 Model Standard
 Notice
 Ordinance
 Other
 Paperback
 PASS
 Periodicals
 PIN
 Plan
 Policy
 Product
 Product - Data Sheet
 Program
 Provisions
 Requirements
 Revisions
 Rules & Regulations
 Standards
 State Amendment
 State Code
 State Manual
 State Plan
 State Standards
 Statute
 Study Guide
 Supplement
 Sustainability
 Technical Bulletin
 All
  • ASTM
    C177-13 Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
    Edition: 2013
    $148.51
    Unlimited Users per year

Description of ASTM-C177 2013

ASTM C177-13

Historical Standard: Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus




ASTM C177

Scope

1.1 This test method establishes the criteria for the laboratory measurement of the steady-state heat flux through flat, homogeneous specimen(s) when their surfaces are in contact with solid, parallel boundaries held at constant temperatures using the guarded-hot-plate apparatus.

1.2 The test apparatus designed for this purpose is known as a guarded-hot-plate apparatus and is a primary (or absolute) method. This test method is comparable, but not identical, to ISO 8302.

1.3 This test method sets forth the general design requirements necessary to construct and operate a satisfactory guarded-hot-plate apparatus. It covers a wide variety of apparatus constructions, test conditions, and operating conditions. Detailed designs conforming to this test method are not given but must be developed within the constraints of the general requirements. Examples of analysis tools, concepts and procedures used in the design, construction, calibration and operation of a guarded-hot-plate apparatus are given in Refs (1-41).2

1.4 This test method encompasses both the single-sided and the double-sided modes of measurement. Both distributed and line source guarded heating plate designs are permitted. The user should consult the standard practices on the single-sided mode of operation, Practice C1044, and on the line source apparatus, Practice C1043, for further details on these heater designs.

1.5 The guarded-hot-plate apparatus can be operated with either vertical or horizontal heat flow. The user is cautioned however, since the test results from the two orientations may be different if convective heat flow occurs within the specimens.

1.6 Although no definitive upper limit can be given for the magnitude of specimen conductance that is measurable on a guarded-hot-plate, for practical reasons the specimen conductance should be less than 16 W/(m 2K).

1.7 This test method is applicable to the measurement of a wide variety of specimens, ranging from opaque solids to porous or transparent materials, and a wide range of environmental conditions including measurements conducted at extremes of temperature and with various gases and pressures.

1.8 Inhomogeneities normal to the heat flux direction, such as layered structures, can be successfully evaluated using this test method. However, testing specimens with inhomogeneities in the heat flux direction, such as an insulation system with thermal bridges, can yield results that are location specific and shall not be attempted with this type of apparatus. See Test Method C1363 for guidance in testing these systems.

1.9 Calculations of thermal transmission properties based upon measurements using this method shall be performed in conformance with Practice C1045.

1.10 In order to ensure the level of precision and accuracy expected, persons applying this standard must possess a knowledge of the requirements of thermal measurements and testing practice and of the practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems. Detailed operating procedures, including design schematics and electrical drawings, should be available for each apparatus to ensure that tests are in accordance with this test method. In addition, automated data collecting and handling systems connected to the apparatus must be verified as to their accuracy. This can be done by calibration and inputting data sets, which have known results associated with them, into computer programs.

1.11 It is not practical for a test method of this type to establish details of design and construction and the procedures to cover all contingencies that might offer difficulties to a person without technical knowledge concerning theory of heat flow, temperature measurements and general testing practices. The user may also find it necessary, when repairing or modifying the apparatus, to become a designer or builder, or both, on whom the demands for fundamental understanding and careful experimental technique are even greater. Standardization of this test method is not intended to restrict in any way the future development of new or improved apparatus or procedures.

1.12 This test method does not specify all details necessary for the operation of the apparatus. Decisions on sampling, specimen selection, preconditioning, specimen mounting and positioning, the choice of test conditions, and the evaluation of test data shall follow applicable ASTM Test Methods, Guides, Practices or Product Specifications or governmental regulations. If no applicable standard exists, sound engineering judgment that reflects accepted heat transfer principles must be used and documented.

1.13 This test method allows a wide range of apparatus design and design accuracy to be used in order to satisfy the requirements of specific measurement problems. Compliance with this test method requires a statement of the uncertainty of each reported variable in the report. A discussion of the significant error factors involved is included.

1.14 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.15 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 21.

1.16 Major sections within this test method are arranged as follows:

Section

Section

Scope

1

Referenced Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Test Method

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

Specimen Preparation and Conditioning

7

Procedure

8

Calculation of Results

9

Report

10

Precision and Bias

11

Keywords

12

Figures

 

General Arrangement of the Mechanical Components of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

Fig. 1

Illustration of Heat Flow in the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

Fig.2

Example Report Form

Fig. 3

Annexes

 

Importance of Thickness

A1.1

Measuring Thickness

A1.2

Limitations Due to Apparatus

A1.3

Limitations Due to Temperature

A1.4

Limitations Due to Specimen

A1.5

Random and Systematic Error Components

A1.6

Error Components for Variables

A1.7

Thermal Conductance or Thermal Resistance Error Analysis

A1.8

Thermal Conductivity or Thermal Resistivity Error Analysis

A1.9

Uncertainty Verification

A1.10



Keywords

error analysis; guarded-hot-plate; heat flow; heat flux; steady-state; thermal conductivity; thermal resistance; thermal transmission; thermal conductance; thermal testing


ICS Code

ICS Number Code 17.200.10 (Heat. Calorimetry)


DOI: 10.1520/C0177-13

The following editions for this book are also available...

This book also exists in the following packages...

Year Publisher Title Annual Price
VAR
ASTM
[+] $1,380.28 Buy
VAR
ASTM
[+] $1,628.54 Buy
VAR
ASTM
[+] $1,369.19 Buy
VAR
ASTM
[+] $10,801.41 Buy
VAR
ASTM
[+] $5,812.65 Buy
VAR
ASTM
[+] $3,560.85 Buy

Subscription Information

MADCAD.com ASTM Standards subscriptions are annual and access is unlimited concurrency based (number of people that can access the subscription at any given time) from single office location. For pricing on multiple office location ASTM Standards Subscriptions, please contact us at info@madcad.com or +1 800.798.9296.

 

Some features of MADCAD.com ASTM Standards Subscriptions are:

- Online access: With MADCAD.com’ s web based subscription service no downloads or installations are required. Access ASTM Standards from any browser on your computer, tablet or smart phone.

- Immediate Access: As soon as the transaction is completed, your ASTM Standards Subscription will be ready for access.

 

For any further information on MADCAD.com ASTM Standards Subscriptions, please contact us at info@madcad.com or +1 800.798.9296.

 

About ASTM

ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide.

X