ASTM D4729

Scope

1.1 The flatjack test measures stress at a rock surface. The modulus of deformation and the long-term deformational properties (creep) may also be evaluated.

1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.

1.2.1 The method used to specifiy how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.

1.3 Limitation—The flatjack test measures the average stress normal to the surface of the test chamber. Undisturbed stress levels must be determined by theoretical interpretations of these data.

1.4 Assumptions and Factors Influencing the Data:

1.4.1 The stress relief is assumed to be an elastic, reversible process. In nonhomogeneous or highly fractured materials, this may not be completely true.

1.4.2 The equations assume that the rock mass is isotropic and homogeneous. Anisotropic effects may be estimated by testing in different orientations.

1.4.3 The flatjack is assumed to be 100 % efficient. The design and size requirements of 7.1 were determined to satisfy this requirement to within a few percent.

1.4.4 The jack is assumed to be aligned with the principal stresses on the surface of the opening. Shear stresses are not canceled by jack pressure. Orientating the tests in three directions in each plane tested prevents the misalignment from being excessive for at least one of the tests.

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Keywords

creep; flatjack hydraulic pressure; in situ stress; modulus of deformation; Deformation--rock; Drilling (in soil/rock); Field testing--rock; Flatjack method; Gages; Isotropic rock specimens; Modulus--soil/rock applications; Rock materials/properties/analysis; Stress--rock; Surface preparation; Transducers; Underground environments

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 93.020 (Earth works. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works)

DOI: 10.1520/D4729-08