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Description of ASTM-D4865 2009ASTM D4865-09Historical Standard: Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel SystemsASTM D4865Scope 1.1 This guide describes how static electricity may be generated in petroleum fuel systems, the types of equipment conducive to charge generation, and methods for the safe dissipation of such charges. This guide is intended to increase awareness of potential operating problems and hazards resulting from electrostatic charge accumulation. 1.2 This guide is not intended to provide specific solutions but indicates available techniques the user may wish to investigate to alleviate electrostatic charges. This guide does not cover the effects of stray currents or of lightning, either of which can also produce sparks leading to fires or explosions. 1.3 This guide is not intended to address detailed safety practices associated with static electricity in petroleum product systems. 1.4 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Keywords aviation fuels; distillate fuels; electrical conductivity; electrostatic charging; electrostatic hazards; loading; safety; sparking; static electricity; Additives--petroleum products; Charge generation/relaxation; Conductance and conductivity (electrical); Containers--tank cars/wagons; Electrostatic charge/discharge; Exit velocity; Filters/filter procedures--petroleum analysis; Flammability--petroleum products; Flow and flow rate--petroleum products; Fuel conductivity; Fuel oils; Gaseous fuels; Hydrocarbons; Ignition--petroleum products; Impurities--petroleum products; Line velocity reduction; Pumps; Petroleum oils; Petroleum products; Relaxation time; Splash filling; Static charge; Tanks; Ullage space ICS Code ICS Number Code n/a DOI: 10.1520/D4865-09 The following editions for this book are also available...This book also exists in the following packages...Subscription InformationMADCAD.com ASTM Standards subscriptions are annual and access is unlimited concurrency based (number of people that can access the subscription at any given time) from single office location. For pricing on multiple office location ASTM Standards Subscriptions, please contact us at info@madcad.com or +1 800.798.9296.
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About ASTMASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide. |
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