Significance and Use

This test method is for use in evaluating the capability of a container or shipping system to withstand sudden shocks and crushing forces, such as those generated from rail switching impacts or pallet marshalling, or to evaluate the capability of a container and its inner packing, or shipping system, to protect its contents during the sudden shocks and crushing forces resulting from rail switching or pallet marshalling impacts. This test method may also be used to compare the performance of different container designs or shipping systems. The test may also permit observation of the progressive failure of a container or shipping system and damage to the contents. See Practice D 4169 for additional guidance.

This test method is not suitable for reproducing impact resulting from the switching of rail cars using long-travel draft gear or cushioned underframes. Refer to Method D 4003 (revised) as a more suitable method for testing under these circumstances, or when more precise control of shock inputs is required.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers the procedures for reproducing and comparing shock damage, such as that which may result from rail switching or pallet marshalling impacts, using an incline impact tester. It is suitable for simulating the types of shock pulses experienced by lading in rail switching of rail cars with standard draft gear, but not for those with long travel draft gear or cushioned underframes. The test method can also be used for pallet marshalling tests.

1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard..

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 6.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration

D880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Containers and Systems

D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments

D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact Test for Shipping Containers and Systems

D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems

D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing

E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process

Keywords

container; controlled impact; incline impact; packaging; pallet; pallet marshalling; programmed shock; rail car shunt impact; rail car switching; shipping system; Controlled testing conditions/environments; Impact testing--shipping materials; Inclined impact tester; Packing/packaging materials/systems; Pallet marshalling; Programmed shock; Rail car impact testing; Shipping; Shipping containers/materials/applications; Shock test--shipping containers; Vibration test--packaging/shipping materials;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 19.060 (Mechanical testing)

DOI: 10.1520/D5277-92R08

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D5277