Abstract

This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing water-borne architectural coatings to be used on exterior, interior, or both types of surfaces. The properties that can be examined by the test methods listed herein are as follows: liquid paint properties (skinning, condition in container, coarse particles and foreign matter, density or weight per gallon, fineness of dispersion, flash point, odor, absorption, colorant acceptance, dilution stability, package stability, heat stability, and settling); coating application and film formation characteristics (brush application properties, brush drag, roller application properties, roller spatter, spray application properties, touch-up uniformity, consistency (low-shear viscosity), rheological properties of non-Newtonian liquids, sag resistance, levelling properties, and drying properties); appearance of dry film (color appearance, color differences by visual comparison, color differences using instrumental measurements, directional reflectance, gloss, sheen, hiding power, and yellowness index); properties of dry film (abrasion resistance, adhesion, flexibility, resistance to household chemicals, color change of white enamels, washability and cleansability, blister resistance, exposure resistance, chalking, checking, cracking, erosion, flaking, mildew resistance, and fume resistance); and Coating Analysis (chemical analysis, volatile content, nonvolatile volume content, water content, pigment content, pigment analysis, nonvolatile vehicle content, vehicle separation, and nonvolatile vehicle identification).

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing water-borne coatings to be used on exterior, interior or both types of surfaces (Note 1). The properties that can be examined or, in some cases, the relevant test procedures are listed in Table 1 and Table 2.

Note 1The term architectural coating as used here combines the definition in Terminology D16 with that in the FSCT Paint/Coatings Dictionary , as follows: Organic coatings intended for on-site application to interior or exterior surfaces of residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial buildings, in contrast to industrial coatings. They are protective and decorative finishes applied at ambient temperatures. Often called Trade Sales Coatings.

Note 2Architectural coatings that are designed to give better performance than most conventional coatings because they are tougher and more stain and abrasion resistant are covered by Guide D3730 .

1.2 The types of organic coatings covered by this guide are as follows:

(1) Type 1 Interior Latex Flat Wall Paints,

(2) Type 2 Exterior Latex House Paints,

(3) Type 3 Water-Borne Floor Paints, and

(4) Type 4 Interior Latex Semigloss and Gloss Paints.

1.2.1 Each is intended for application by brushing, rolling, spraying or other means to the material appropriate for its type, which may include plaster, masonry, wallboard, wood, steel, previously painted surfaces, and other architectural substrates.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications

D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments

D215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White Linseed Oil Paints

D344 Test Method for Relative Hiding Power of Paints by the Visual Evaluation of Brushouts

D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings

D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings

D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss

D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer

D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints

D661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of Exterior Paints

D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of Exterior Paints

D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior Paints

D869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling of Paint

D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive

D1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints on Wood

D1014 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints and Coatings on Metal Substrates

D1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage

D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and Diluents

D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes

D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products

D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials

D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature

D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials

D1849 Test Method for Package Stability of Paint

D2064 Test Method for Print Resistance of Architectural Paints

D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer

D2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by Scrape Adhesion

D2243 Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings

D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings

D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

D2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall Paints

D2574 Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms

D2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflectometry

D3168 Practice for Qualitative Identification of Polymers in Emulsion Paints

D3258 Test Method for Porosity of White or Near White Paint Films by Staining

D3273 Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber

D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test

D3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings

D3456 Practice for Determining by Exterior Exposure Tests the Susceptibility of Paint Films to Microbiological Attack

D3719 Test Method for Quantifying Dirt Collection on Coated Exterior Panels

D3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-Emulsion Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing

D3730 Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings

D3792 Test Method for Water Content of Coatings by Direct Injection Into a Gas Chromatograph

D3793 Test Method for Low-Temperature Coalescence of Latex Paint Films by Porosity Measurement

D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings

D3928 Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or Sheen Uniformity

D3960 Practice for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings

D4017 Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by Karl Fischer Method

D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

D4062 Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down Method

D4213 Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss

D4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films

D4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/Plate Viscometer

D4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch Applicator

D4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation

D4707 Test Method for Measuring Paint Spatter Resistance During Roller Application

D4828 Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings

D4946 Test Method for Blocking Resistance of Architectural Paints

D4958 Test Method for Comparison of the Brush Drag of Latex Paints

D5007 Test Method for Wet-to-Dry Hiding Change

D5068 Practice for Preparation of Paint Brushes for Evaluation

D5069 Practice for Preparation of Paint-Roller Covers for Evaluation of Architectural Coatings

D5150 Test Method for Hiding Power of Architectural Paints Applied by Roller

D5179 Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings to Plastic Substrates by Direct Tensile Testing

D5326 Test Method for Color Development in Tinted Latex Paints

D5895 Test Methods for Evaluating Drying or Curing During Film Formation of Organic Coatings Using Mechanical Recorders

D6037 Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings

D6583 Test Method for Porosity of Paint Film by Mineral Oil Absorption

D6686 Test Method for Evaluation of Tannin Stain Resistance of Coatings

D6736 Test Method for Burnish Resistance of Latex Paints

D6900 Test Method for Wet Adhesion of Latex Paints to a Gloss Alkyd Enamel Substrate

D7072 Practice for Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence of Latex Coatings

D7190 Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex Paint Films

D7306 Practice for Testing Low Temperature Film-Formation of Latex Paints by Visual Observation

D7489 Practice for Evaluating Touch-Up Properties of Architectural Coatings under Various Environmental Conditions

D7514 Test Method for Evaluating Ink Stainblocking of Architectural Paint Systems by Visual Assessment

E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode

E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials

E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry

U.S. Federal Test Method Standard No. 141D

Keywords

architectural coatings; coating tests; water-borne coatings;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 87.020 (Paint coating processes)

DOI: 10.1520/D5324-10

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D5324