1. Scope

1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) air-rotary drilling procedures may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.

Note 1--The term direct with respect to the air-rotary drilling method of this guide indicates that compressed air is injected through a drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The air cools the bit and transports cuttings to the surface in the annulus between the drill-rod column and the borehole wall.

Note 2--This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterizations that are addressed in a separate guide.

1.2 Direct air-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration will often involve safety planning, administration, and documentation. This guide does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word 'Standard' in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design and Construction Purposes

D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids

D1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by Auger Borings

D1586 Test Method for Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils

D1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes

D2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation

D3550 Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils

D4428/D4428M Test Methods for Crosshole Seismic Testing

D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites

D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells

D5099 Test Methods for Rubber--Measurement of Processing Properties Using Capillary Rheometry

D5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock

Keywords

air-rotary drilling method; drilling; geoenvironmental exploration; groundwater; vadose zone ;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 73.100.30 (Equipment for drilling and mine excavation)

DOI: 10.1520/D5782-95R00

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