Significance and Use

These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the shipping container or the unit load where deficiencies are found.

Damage to products or packages observed during testing can be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.

The results received from shock machine testing and free fall drop testing are different for certain products. Where this test is performed to satisfy a regulatory or contractual requirement, its use is subject to approval by the agency concerned.

1. Scope

1.1 These test methods cover testing the integrity of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates as well as the ability of the contents to endure rough handling. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products, containers, and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling as follows:

1.1.1 Test Method A, B, C, D, and EDrop Test For measuring the ability of the case or crate or unitized load to withstand rough handling impacts and provide information useful in improving the design of the container. Normally, Test Methods A and B are not applied to unitized loads.

1.1.2 Test Method FTip Test For determining if filled tall or top heavy cases, crates, or unitized loads will tip over when tilted to a predetermined angle.

1.1.3 Method GTipover Test For determining the ability of filled large shipping cases or crates to resist the impacts associated with tipover hazards, and for determining the ability of the packaging and packing methods to provide protection to the contents, when the case or crate is tipped over.

Note 1Test Method G fulfills the requirements of ISO 8768. ISO 8768 may not meet the requirements for Test Method G.

1.1.4 Test Method HRolling Test For determining the ability of complete, filled large shipping cases or crates to withstand the effects of rolling.

Note 2Test Method H fulfills the requirements of ISO 2876. ISO 2876 may not meet the requirements for Test Method H.

1.2 Additional Test Procedures :

1.2.1 Test methods for mechanical handling of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates are set forth in Test Method D 6055. Additional tests that apply to mechanical handling of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D 880 and horizontal impact tests, described in Test Methods D 4003 and Test Method D 5277. Test Methods D 4003 includes a special pallet marshaling test and Test Methods D 1185 provides test methods for pallets and related structures.

1.2.2 Practice D 4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.

1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Containers and Systems

D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments

D1185 Test Methods for Pallets and Related Structures Employed in Materials Handling and Shipping

D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact Test for Shipping Containers and Systems

D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems

D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing

D5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall

D5277 Test Method for Performing Programmed Horizontal Impacts Using an Inclined Impact Tester

D5487 Test Method for Simulated Drop of Loaded Containers by Shock Machines

D6055 Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates

ISO Standards

Keywords

drop; large shipping cases and crates; rolling; tip; tipover; unitized loads;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 55.180.99 (Other standards related to freight distribution of goods)

DOI: 10.1520/D6179-07

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D6179