Significance and Use

This practice is intended to help users, particularly power plant operators, maintain effective control over their mineral lubricating oils and lubrication monitoring program. This practice may be used to perform oil changes based on oil condition and test results rather than on the basis of service time or calendar time. It is intended to save operating and maintenance expenses.

This practice is also intended to help users monitor the condition of mineral lubricating oils and guard against excessive component wear, oil degradation, or contamination, thereby minimizing the potential of catastrophic machine problems that are more likely to occur in the absence of such an oil condition monitoring program.

This practice does not necessarily reference all of the current oil testing technologies and is not meant to preclude the use of alternative instrumentation or test methods which provide meaningful or trendable test data, or both. Some oil testing devices and sensors (typically used for screening oils which will be tested according to standard methods) provide trendable indicators which correlate to water, particulates, and other contaminants but do not directly measure these.

This practice is intended for mineral type of oil products, and not for synthetic type of products, with the exception of phosphate esters fluids used typically in power plant control systems.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the effective monitoring of mineral oil and phosphate ester fluid lubricating oils in service auxiliary (non-turbine) equipment used for power generation. Auxiliary equipment covered includes gears, hydraulic systems, diesel engines, pumps, compressors, and electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems. It includes sampling and testing schedules and recommended action steps, as well as information on how oils degrade.

Note 1Other types of synthetic lubricants are sometimes used but are not addressed in this practice because they represent only a small fraction of the fluids in use. Users of these fluids should consult the manufacturer to determine recommended monitoring practices.

1.2 This practice does not cover the monitoring of lubricating oil for steam and gas turbines. Rather, it is intended to complement Practice D4378 .

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester

D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation

D96 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)

D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials

D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)

D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration

D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water

D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils

D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils

D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils

D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration

D1169 Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids

D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method

D1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids

D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)

D1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration

D1744 Test Method for Determination of Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent

D2272 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel

D2273 Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils

D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System

D2668 Test Method for 2,6-di-tert-Butyl- p-Cresol and 2,6-di-tert-Butyl Phenol in Electrical Insulating Oil by Infrared Absorption

D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration

D2982 Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

D3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Petroleum Oils

D3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter

D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

D4378 Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam and Gas Turbines

D4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration

D5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)

D6971 Test Method for Measurement of Hindered Phenolic and Aromatic Amine Antioxidant Content in Non-zinc Turbine Oils by Linear Sweep Voltammetry

D7155 Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine Lubricating Oils

E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration

ISO Standard

Keywords

auxiliary power plant equipment; condition monitoring program; lubricating oil; Auxiliary power plant equipment; In-service evaluation/monitoring; Lubricating oils; Monitoring--petroleum testing;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 29.160.40 (Generating sets); 75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products)

DOI: 10.1520/D6224-09

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D6224