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Description of ASTM-D664 2024ASTM D664-24Active Standard: Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationASTM D664Scope 1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of acidic constituents in petroleum products, lubricants, biodiesel, and blends of biodiesel. 1.1.1 Test Method A—Developed for use with petroleum products and lubricants soluble or nearly soluble in mixtures of toluene and propan-2-ol. It is applicable for the determination of acids whose dissociation constants in water are larger than 10–9; extremely weak acids whose dissociation constants are smaller than 10–9 do not interfere. Salts react if their hydrolysis constants are larger than 10–9. The range of acid numbers included in the precision statement is 0.5 mg KOH/g to 90 mg KOH/g. The precision has only been determined for those materials and acid number ranges as shown in the precision section. 1.1.2 Test Method B—Developed specifically for biodiesel and biodiesel blends with low acidity and slightly different solubility. This test method requires the use of an automatic titrator with automatic endpoint-seeking capability. Note 1: In new and used oils, the constituents that may be considered to have acidic characteristics include organic and inorganic acids, esters, phenolic compounds, lactones, resins, salts of heavy metals, salts of ammonia and other weak bases, acid salts of polybasic acids, and addition agents such as inhibitors and detergents. 1.2 For acid number determination of acidic components in crude oil and petroleum products including waxes, bitumen, base stocks, and asphalts that are soluble in mixtures of xylenes and propan-2-ol use test method Test Method D8045. The precision for this method has not been determined for any products covered by Test Method D8045. 1.3 The test method may be used to indicate relative changes that occur in oil during use under oxidizing conditions regardless of the color or other properties of the resulting oil. Although the titration is made under definite equilibrium conditions, the test method is not intended to measure an absolute acidic property that can be used to predict performance of oil under service conditions. No general relationship between acid number and the corrosive tendency of oils towards metals is known. Note 2: The acid number obtained by this standard may or may not be numerically the same as that obtained in accordance with Test Methods D974 and D3339. There has not been any attempt to correlate this method with other non-titration methods. Note 3: A few laboratories have made the observation that there is a difference in Test Method D664 results when aqueous versus nonaqueous buffers are used. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. Keywords acid number; B5; B10; B20; B100; biodiesel; biodiesel blend; lubricants; petroleum products; potentiometric; strong acid number; titration; ICS Code ICS Number Code 75.080 (Petroleum products in general) DOI: 10.1520/D0664-24 The following editions for this book are also available...
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About ASTMASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide. |
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