4.1 Shipping containers are exposed to complex dynamic stresses when subjected to vibration present in transportation vehicles. Approximating the actual damage, or lack of damage, experienced in shipping may require subjecting the container(s) and contents to vibration inputs.

4.2 Resonant responses during shipment can be severe and may lead to failure of the container and spillage or leakage of contents. Identification of critical frequencies and the nature of package stresses can aid in minimizing the effect of these occurrences.

4.3 This vibration test is based on methods currently used for the qualification of IBCs in CFR?49 and has demonstrated successful use in transportation.

4.4 Exposure to vibration can affect the shipping container, its means of closure, and its contents. This test method allows analysis of the interaction of these components. Design modification to one or more of these components may be utilized to achieve optimum performance in the shipping environment.

4.5 This test method is suitable for individual filled containers that are transported unrestrained on the bed of a vehicle.

4.6 This test method is not intended for testing intermediate bulk containers at a frequency that causes the container to go into resonance.

1.1 This test method covers vibration testing of filled intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) intended to contain liquid hazardous materials (dangerous goods) and is suitable for testing IBCs of any design or material with any means of closure. This test method has been used by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) to test and qualify IBCs for shipping hazardous materials. The test method is used to determine that the IBCs maintain integrity and to prevent leakage or spillage of contents during shipping. This test method should be used as a screening tool or as a design qualification test. Other vibration methods are available to more closely simulate vibration experienced in transportation.

1.2 This test method is appropriate for testing IBCs ranging from 450 to 3000 L (119 to 793 gal). Packagings of smaller sizes should be tested using Test Methods D999 or other applicable methods.

1.3 The ISO?2247 standard may not meet the requirements for this test method.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6 .