Significance and Use

The speech privacy between locations in an open plan space is determined by the degree to which intruding speech sounds exceed the ambient sound pressure levels at the listener's ear; a classic signal-to-noise ratio situation.

The sound pressure levels at the listener's ear from intruding speech depend upon:

The individual vocal effort and orientation of the talker,

The attenuation of speech signals due to distance or intervening barriers, and

The reinforcement of speech signals due to reflections from surfaces such as the ceiling, furniture panels, light fixtures, walls, or windows.

The ambient sound pressure levels will often be controlled to mask intruding speech. This is accomplished by means of a masking sound system. However, in certain positions and frequency ranges, heating, ventilating, or air conditioning equipment (HVAC) may contribute significantly to ambient sound pressure levels.

The primary purpose of this test method is to measure the speech privacy for an average speech spectrum using the standard Articulation Index method. This requires measurement of the relevant acoustical characteristics discussed in 5.2 and 5.3 for a pair of locations and calculation of the Articulation Index using an average speech spectrum. The average speech spectrum is for male talkers speaking with normal voice effort.

The Articulation Index ranges from 0.00, where speech is unintelligible, to 1.00, where all individual spoken words can be understood. Caution should be exercised in interpreting the numerical results of this test method. There is a need for further research to establish the relationship of Articulation Index to speech privacy. One purpose of this test method is to encourage the measurement of data and further research on this topic perhaps leading to development of well-documented speech privacy categories and criteria.

This test method can be used to:

Compare the relative privacy afforded between different locations within open plan spaces.

Evaluate how changes in open plan components (barriers, furniture, ceilings, masking sound, or wall panels) affect speech privacy.

Measure speech privacy objectively for correlation with subjective responses.

This test method could be one element of a performance or acceptance test procedure. However, many additional items would need to be specified to use this test method for performance testing of an open plan environment, such as, the number of locations to be tested and method of selecting those locations, and the method of averaging the results. Specifying a numerical criterion in terms of the Articulation Index is also necessary for acceptance testing; however, the selection of such a criterion and permissible deviations should be undertaken with care in view of the present state-of-the-art as discussed in 5.5.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method describes a means of measuring speech privacy objectively between locations in open plan spaces. This test method relies upon acoustical measurements, published information on speech levels, and standard methods for assessing speech communication. This test method does not measure the performance of individual open plan components which affect speech privacy; it measures the privacy which results from a particular configuration of components (1, 2) .

1.2 This test method is intended to be a field test for the measurement of speech privacy in actual open plan spaces. However, this test method could be used in an environment arranged to simulate an open plan space.

1.3 This test method is suitable for use in many open plan spaces such as open plan offices, healthcare spaces, institutional spaces, schools, etc. It is not applicable for measuring the speech privacy between open plan and enclosed spaces or between fully enclosed spaces.

1.4 This test method relies upon the Articulation Index, which objectively predicts the intelligibility of speech. While both the Articulation Index and this test method can be expected to reliably predict average speech privacy, neither predicts the specific degree of speech privacy afforded to particular open plan occupants.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ANSI Standards

ASTM Standards

C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics

E1179 Specification for Sound Sources Used for Testing Open Office Components and Systems

Keywords

architectural acoustics; articulation index; field test; open office; open office system; open-plan space; speech privacy; Acoustical tests; Ambient sound pressure levels; Attenuation; Band filter sets; Field testing--sound transmission; Filters/filter procedures; HVAC (heating/ventilation/air conditioning) systems; Metering system; Noise level measurement; One-third octave band sound pressure levels; Open-plan spaces; Sound transmission--office environments; Speech privacy; Wall construction;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 17.140.01 (Acoustic measurements and noise abatement in general)

DOI: 10.1520/E1130-08

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM E1130