ASTM E384

Scope

1.1 This test method covers determination of the Knoop and Vickers hardness of materials, the verification of Knoop and Vickers hardness testing machines, and the calibration of standardized Knoop and Vickers test blocks.

1.2 This test method covers Knoop and Vickers hardness tests made utilizing test forces in micro (9.807 × 10^-3 to 9.807 N ) ( 1 to 1000 gf ) and macro (>9.807 to 1176.68 N) ( >1 to 120 kgf ) ranges.

Note 1—Previous versions of this standard limited test forces to 9.807 N (1 kgf).

1.3 This test method includes all of the requirements to perform macro Vickers hardness tests as previously defined in Test Method E92, Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness Testing.

1.4 This test method includes an analysis of the possible sources of errors that can occur during Knoop and Vickers testing and how these factors affect the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of test results.

Note 2—While Committee E04 is primarily concerned with metals, the test procedures described are applicable to other materials.

1.5 Units—When Knoop and Vickers hardness tests were developed, the force levels were specified in units of grams-force (gf) and kilograms-force (kgf). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in mm or μm. However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in gf and kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard as well as the method of reporting the test results refers to these units.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Keywords

hardness; indentation; Knoop; microindentation; macroindentation; Vickers; Abb´e-Nelson illumination; Calibration--metals/alloys analysis instrumentation; Hardness (indentation)--microhardness; Indenter geometry; Knoop hardness (HK) number; Kohler illumination; Metallic hardness; Metals and metallic materials; Repeatability/reproducibility (RR); Structural metals/alloys; Verification; Vickers hardness (HV)

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 19.060 (Mechanical testing)

DOI: 10.1520/E0384-10E02