Significance and Use

The options available in methods for the measurement of color or color-difference are many. These involve choices in: ( 1 ) specimens, ( 2 ) geometric and spectral properties of instruments, ( 3 ) calibration bases for standards used, ( 4 ) procedure for sample handling including conditioning, ( 5 ) procedure for taking data, and ( 6 ) equations for converting instrumental data to final results. Once the measurements have been made, it is essential to document what has been done for the purpose of interlaboratory comparisons, or for future use. A sample form is provided in Fig. 1 to record identifying information applicable to any instrumental method of color or color-difference measurement.

Refer to Guide E179 , Practices E991 , E1164 , E1345 , E1708 , E1767 , E2152 , and E2194 and Test Methods D5386 , D6166 , E1247 , E1331 , E1347 , E1348 , and E1349 , for specific details of measurements.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers the documentation of instrumental measurement of color or color difference for current communication or for future reference. The practice is applicable to instrumental measurements of materials where color is seen by reflected, transmitted or emitted light and any combinations of one or more of these processes. The practice is recommended for documentation of methodology in interlaboratory color-measurement programs.

1.2 Providing an adequate identification of an instrumental measure of color or color-difference involves documenting the metadata necessary for archiving and future use of the measurement data collected. The metadata can be divided in five parts:

1.2.1 Nature and source of available samples and the form of specimens actually measured,

1.2.2 Instrumental conditions of measurement, including instrument geometrical and spectral conditions of measurement,

1.2.3 Standards used,

1.2.4 Data acquisition procedure, and

1.2.5 Color scales employed.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)

D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)

D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)

D1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System

D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)

D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry

D6166 Test Method for Color of Naval Stores and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)

E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials

E259 Practice for Preparation of Pressed Powder White Reflectance Factor Transfer Standards for Hemispherical and Bi-Directional Geometries

E284 Terminology of Appearance

E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System

E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

E991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method

E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation

E1247 Practice for Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry

E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements

E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry

E1348 Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45:0 or 0:45) Geometry

E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and Appearance Data

E1767 Practice for Specifying the Geometries of Observation and Measurement to Characterize the Appearance of Materials

E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data

E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color

E2175 Practice for Specifying the Geometry of Multiangle Spectrophotometers

E2194 Practice for Multiangle Color Measurement of Metal Flake Pigmented Materials

E2729 Practice for Rectification of Spectrophotometric Bandpass Differences

Other Standard Documents

Keywords

color; color difference; colorimetry; data format; documentation; instrumental measurementcolor/light; metadata; reflectance and reflectivity; spectrophotometry; transmittance and reflectance;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 17.180.20 (Colours and measurement of light)

DOI: 10.1520/E0805-12A

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM E805