1. Scope

1.1 This guide for characterizing collagen-containing biomaterials is intended to provide characteristics, properties, and test methods for use by producers, manufacturers, and researchers to more clearly identify the specific collagen materials used. With greater than 20 types of collagen and the different properties of each, a single document would be cumbersome. This guide will focus on the characterization of Type I collagen, which is the most abundant collagen in mammals, especially in skin and bone. Collagen isolated from these sources may contain other types of collagen, for example, Type III and Type V. This guide does not provide specific parameters for any collagen product or mix of products or the acceptability of those products for the intended use. The collagen may be from any source, including, but not limited to, animal or cadaveric sources, human cell culture, or recombinant sources. The biological, immunological, or toxicological properties of the collagen may vary, depending on the source material. The properties of the collagen prepared from each of the above sources must be thoroughly investigated, as the changes in the collagen properties as a function of source materials is not thoroughly understood. This guide is intended to focus on purified Type I collagen as a starting material for surgical implants and substrates for Tissue-Engineered Medical Products (TEMPs); some methods may not be applicable for gelatin nor for tissue implants. This guide may serve as a template for characterization of other types of collagen.

1.2 The biological response to collagen in soft tissue has been well documented by a history of clinical use (1,2) and laboratory studies (3,4 5,21) . Biocompatibility and appropriateness of use for a specific application(s) is the responsibility of the device manufacturer.

1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 5, of this guide. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

E1298 Guide for Determination of Purity, Impurities, and Contaminants in Biological Drug Products

F619 Practice for Extraction of Medical Plastics

F720 Practice for Testing Guinea Pigs for Contact Allergens: Guinea Pig Maximization Test

F748 Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices

F749 Practice for Evaluating Material Extracts by Intracutaneous Injection in the Rabbit

F756 Practice for Assessment of Hemolytic Properties of Materials

F763 Practice for Short-Term Screening of Implant Materials

F813 Practice for Direct Contact Cell Culture Evaluation of Materials for Medical Devices

F895 Test Method for Agar Diffusion Cell Culture Screening for Cytotoxicity

F981 Practice for Assessment of Compatibility of Biomaterials for Surgical Implants with Respect to Effect of Materials on Muscle and Bone

F1251 Terminology Relating to Polymeric Biomaterials in Medical and Surgical Devices

F1439 Guide for Performance of Lifetime Bioassay for the Tumorigenic Potential of Implant Materials

F1903 Practice for Testing For Biological Responses to Particles In Vitro

F1904 Practice for Testing the Biological Responses to Particles in vivo

F1905 Practice For Selecting Tests for Determining the Propensity of Materials to Cause Immunotoxicity

F1906 Practice for Evaluation of Immune Responses In Biocompatibility Testing Using ELISA Tests, Lymphocyte Proliferation, and Cell Migration

F1983 Practice for Assessment of Compatibility of Absorbable/Resorbable Biomaterials for Implant Applications

F2148 Practice for Evaluation of Delayed Contact Hypersensitivity Using the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA)

ISO Standards

U. S. and European Pharmacopeia Documents

Keywords

biomaterials; characterization; collagen; natural materials; TEMPs; Substrates--surgical implant applications; Surgical implants; TEMPs (tissue engineered medical products); Collagen;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 11.040.40 (Implants for surgery, prothetics and orthotics)

DOI: 10.1520/F2212-02R07E01

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