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ASME PTC-4 Fired Steam Generators, 2013
- CONTENTS
- NOTICE
- FOREWORD
- COMMITTEE ROSTER
- CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC COMMITTEE
- Section 1 Object and Scope [Go to Page]
- 1-1 OBJECT
- 1-2 SCOPE
- 1-3 TYPICAL UNCERTAINTY FOR EFFICIENCY
- 1-4 STEAM GENERATOR BOUNDARIES
- Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms [Go to Page]
- 2-1 DEFINITIONS
- 2-2 ABBREVIATIONS
- 2-3 UNITS AND CONVERSIONS
- Section 3 Guiding Principles [Go to Page]
- 3-1 INTRODUCTION
- 3-2 PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURES
- 3-3 REFERENCES TO OTHER CODES AND STANDARDS
- 3-4 TOLERANCES AND TEST UNCERTAINTIES
- Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement [Go to Page]
- 4-1 GUIDING PRINCIPLES
- 4-2 DATA REQUIRED
- 4-3 GENERAL MEASUREMENT REQUIREMENTS
- 4-4 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
- 4-5 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
- 4-6 VELOCITY TRAVERSE
- 4-7 FLOW MEASUREMENT
- 4-8 SOLID FUEL AND SORBENT SAMPLING
- 4-9 LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUEL SAMPLING
- 4-10 SAMPLING OF FLUE GAS
- 4-11 RESIDUE SAMPLING
- 4-12 FUEL, SORBENT, AND RESIDUE ANALYSIS
- 4-13 FLUE GAS ANALYSIS
- 4-14 ELECTRIC POWER
- 4-15 HUMIDITY
- 4-16 MEASUREMENTS FOR SURFACE RADIATIONAND CONVECTION LOSS
- Section 5 Computation of Results [Go to Page]
- 5-1 INTRODUCTION
- 5-2 MEASUREMENT DATA REDUCTION
- 5-3 CAPACITY
- 5-4 OUTPUT (QrO), Btu/hr (W)
- 5-5 INPUT
- 5-6 ENERGY BALANCE
- 5-7 EFFICIENCY
- 5-8 FUEL PROPERTIES
- 5-9 SORBENT AND OTHER ADDITIVE PROPERTIES
- 5-10 RESIDUE PROPERTIES
- 5-11 COMBUSTION AIR PROPERTIES
- 5-12 FLUE GAS PRODUCTS
- 5-13 AIR AND FLUE GAS TEMPERATURE
- 5-14 LOSSES
- 5-15 CREDITS
- 5-16 UNCERTAINTY
- 5-17 OTHER OPERATING PARAMETERS
- 5-18 CORRECTIONS TO STANDARD OR DESIGN CONDITIONS
- 5-19 ENTHALPY OF AIR, FLUE GAS, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES COMMONLY REQUIRED FOR ENERGY BALANCE CALCULATIONS
- 5-20 CALCULATION ACRONYMS
- Section 6 Report of Test Results [Go to Page]
- 6-1 INTRODUCTION
- 6-2 REPORT CONTENTS
- Section 7 Uncertainty Analysis [Go to Page]
- 7-1 INTRODUCTION
- 7-2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
- 7-3 PRETEST UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS AND TEST PLANNING
- 7-4 EQUATIONS AND PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING THE STANDARD DEVIATION FOR THE ESTIMATE OF RANDOM ERROR
- 7-5 EQUATIONS AND GUIDANCE FOR DETERMINING SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTY
- 7-6 UNCERTAINTY OF TEST RESULTS
- Figures
[Go to Page]
- Fig. 1-4-1 Typical Oil- and Gas-Fired Steam Generator
- Fig. 1-4-2 Typical Pulverized-Coal-Fired Steam Generator, Alternative 1: Single Air Heater
- Fig. 1-4-3 Typical Pulverized-Coal-Fired Steam Generator, Alternative 2: Bisector Air Heater
- Fig. 1-4-4 Typical Pulverized-Coal-Fired Steam Generator, Alternative 3: Trisector Air Heater
- Fig. 1-4-5 Typical Circulation Bed Steam Generator
- Fig. 1-4-6 Typical Stoker-Coal-Fired Steam Generator
- Fig. 1-4-7 Typical Bubbling Bed Steam Generator
- Fig. 3-1.1-1 Steam Generator Energy Balance
- Fig. 3-2.2.1-1 Repeatability of Runs
- Fig. 3-2.6.1-1 Illustration of Short-Term (Peak to Valley )Fluctuation and Deviation From Long-Term (Run) Average
- Fig. 4-4.3.1-1 Sampling Grids: Rectangular Ducts
- Fig. 4-4.3.1-2 Sampling Grids: Circular Ducts
- Fig. 4-8.2.1-1 Full Stream Cut Solid Sampling Process
- Fig. 4-8.2.1-2 Typical “Thief” Probe for Solids Sampling in a Solids Stream
- Fig. 5-19.12-1 Mean Specific Heat of Dry Air Versus Temperature
- Fig. 5-19.12-2 Mean Specific Heat of Water Vapor Versus Temperature
- Fig. 5-19.12-3 Mean Specific Heat of Dry Flue Gas Versus Temperature
- Fig. 5-19.12-4 Mean Specific Heat of Dry Residue Versus Temperature
- Fig. 7-2.2-1 Types of Errors in Measurements
- Fig. 7-2.2-2 Time Dependence of Errors
- Fig. 7-2.3-1 Constant Value and Continuous Variable Models
- Fig. 7-5.2.1-1 Generic Calibration Curve
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 2-3-1 Units and Conversions
- Table 3-1.3-1 Comparison of Efficiency Determination
- Table 3-2.3-1 Operating Parameter Deviations
- Table 3-2.6.2-1 Minimum Test-Run Duration
- Table 4-2-1(a) Parameters Required for Efficiency Determination by Energy Balance Method: Energy Losses
- Table 4-2-1(b) Parameters Required for Efficiency Determination by Energy Balance Method: Energy Credits
- Table 4-2-2 Parameters Required for Efficiency Determination by Input–Output Method
- Table 4-2-3 Parameters Required for Capacity Determination
- Table 4-2-4 Parameters Required for Steam Temperature/Control Range Determination
- Table 4-2-5 Parameters Required for Exit Flue Gas and Air Entering Temperature Determinations
- Table 4-2-6 Parameters Required for Excess Air Determination
- Table 4-2-7 Parameters Required for Water/Steam Pressure Drop Determinations
- Table 4-2-8 Parameters Required for Air/Flue Gas Pressure Drop Determinations
- Table 4-2-9 Parameters Required for Air Infiltration Determination
- Table 4-2-10 Parameters Required for Sulfur Capture/Retention Determination
- Table 4-2-11 Parameters Required for Calcium-to-Sulfur Molar Ratio Determination
- Table 4-2-12 Parameters Required for Fuel, Air, and Flue Gas Flow Rate Determinations
- Table 4-3.6-1 Potential Instrumentation Systematic Uncertainty
- Table 4-3.6-2 Potential Systematic Uncertainty for Coal Properties
- Table 4-3.6-3 Potential Systematic Uncertainty for Limestone Properties
- Table 4-3.6-4 Potential Systematic Uncertainty for Fuel Oil Properties
- Table 4-3.6-5 Potential Systematic Uncertainty for Natural Gas Properties
- Table 4-8.4.2-1 F Distribution
- Table 5-16.5-1 Two-Tailed Student’s t Table for the 95% Confidence Level
- Table 5-20.2-1 Acronyms
- Table 5-20.2-2 Measurement and Uncertainty Acronyms
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A CALCULATION FORMS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C DERIVATIONS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D GROSS EFFICIENCY: ENERGY BALANCE AND INPUT–OUTPUT METHOD; LHV EFFICIENCY: ENERGY BALANCE METHOD
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E THE PROBABLE EFFECTS OF COAL AND SORBENT PROPERTIES
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F REFERENCES [Go to Page]
