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ASME BPVC.VII-2023 Section VII, Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers, 2023
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
- LIST OF SECTIONS
- FOREWORD
- STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING
- STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
- PERSONNEL
- CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE COMMITTEE
- ORGANIZATION OF SECTION VII
- SUMMARY OF CHANGES
- CROSS-REFERENCING IN THE ASME BPVC
- SUBSECTION 1 WATERTUBE DRUM-TYPE INDUSTRIAL STEAM BOILERS [Go to Page]
- ARTICLE 100 FUNDAMENTALS OF WATERTUBE BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 100.1 STEAM GENERATION
- 100.2 WATERTUBE BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 100.2.1 Watertube Boilers.
- 100.2.2 Shop-Assembled (Package) Boilers.
- 100.2.3 Field-Assembled Boilers.
- 100.3 STEAM DRUMS
- 100.4 ECONOMIZERS
- 100.5 SUPERHEATERS
- 100.6 COMBUSTION
- 100.7 BOILER EFFICIENCY AND AIR EMISSIONS
- ARTICLE 101 BOILER OPERATION [Go to Page]
- 101.1 GENERAL GUIDELINES [Go to Page]
- 101.1.1 Personnel Training.
- 101.1.2 Preventing Explosions.
- 101.1.3 Maintaining Proper Water Level.
- 101.1.4 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure.
- 101.1.5 Maintaining Clearance for Expansion.
- 101.1.6 Reference Sources.
- 101.2 PREPARING FOR OPERATION [Go to Page]
- 101.2.1 Inspection.
- 101.2.2 Chemical Cleaning.
- 101.2.3 Safety Checklist for Boiler Examination.
- 101.2.4 Water-Side Checklist.
- 101.2.5 Fire-Side Checklist.
- 101.2.6 External Checklist.
- 101.2.7 Pressure Testing.
- 101.3 STARTING UP [Go to Page]
- 101.3.1 General
- 101.3.2 Establish Water Level
- 101.3.3 Light-Off
- 101.3.4 Going Online
- 101.4 ONLINE OPERATION [Go to Page]
- 101.4.1 Operating Data.
- 101.4.2 Water-Side Operations.
- 101.4.3 Pressure Relief Valves.
- 101.4.4 Leaks.
- 101.4.5 Soot Blowing.
- 101.5 OUT-OF-SERVICE OPERATION [Go to Page]
- 101.5.1 General.
- 101.5.2 Shutdown.
- 101.5.3 Draining.
- 101.5.4 Isolation and Preparation.
- 101.5.5 Waterside Cleaning.
- 101.5.6 Fireside Cleaning.
- 101.5.7 Storage.
- ARTICLE 102 BOILER AUXILIARIES [Go to Page]
- 102.1 PREPARATION OF AUXILIARIES FOR SERVICE
- 102.2 FUEL-BURNING EQUIPMENT [Go to Page]
- 102.2.1 General.
- 102.2.2 Preparation for Operation.
- 102.2.3 Ignitors.
- 102.2.4 Gas Systems.
- 102.2.5 Oil Systems.
- 102.2.6 Response to Tube Failure.
- 102.3 AIR HEATERS [Go to Page]
- 102.3.1 Preparation for Placing in Service.
- 102.3.2 Placing in Service.
- 102.3.3 Normal Operation.
- 102.3.4 Emergency Operation Due to Fire.
- 102.4 BOILER FEED PUMPS [Go to Page]
- 102.4.1 Preparation for Service.
- 102.4.2 Placing in Service.
- 102.4.3 Normal Operation.
- 102.5 AUXILIARY DRIVES [Go to Page]
- 102.5.1 Motor Start-Up and Operation Checks.
- 102.5.2 Mechanical Drive Turbine Start-Up and Operation Checks.
- 102.6 Draft Fans [Go to Page]
- 102.6.1 Preparation for Service.
- 102.6.2 Placing in Service.
- 102.6.3 Normal Operation.
- 102.6.4 Emergency Operation.
- 102.7 Dampers
- ARTICLE 103 APPURTENANCES [Go to Page]
- 103.1 BOILER PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES [Go to Page]
- 103.1.1 General.
- 103.1.2 Pressure Relief Valve Maintenance.
- 103.1.3 Pressure Relief Valve Testing.
- 103.1.4 Pressure Relief Valve Changeover Valve.
- 103.2 Pressure Relief Valves for Economizers and Auxiliaries [Go to Page]
- 103.2.1 General.
- 103.2.2 Examination and Maintenance.
- 103.2.3 Repair and Testing.
- 103.2.4 Organic Fluid Vaporizers.
- 103.3 TRANSPORTATION AND INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
- 103.4 WATER COLUMNS, GAGE GLASSES, AND LEVEL TRANSMITTERS [Go to Page]
- 103.4.1 Proper Blowdown Procedure.
- 103.4.2 Proper Valve Types.
- 103.4.3 Proper and Complete Heat Insulation.
- 103.4.4 Leakage Correction.
- 103.5 BOILER BLOWDOWN
- 103.6 PRESSURE GAGES [Go to Page]
- 103.6.1
- 103.6.2
- 103.6.3
- 103.6.4
- 103.6.5
- 103.7 FEEDWATER REGULATOR VALVE
- 103.8 SOOT BLOWERS
- 103.9 FUSIBLE PLUGS
- ARTICLE 104 INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROLS, AND INTERLOCKS [Go to Page]
- 104.1 GENERAL
- 104.2 INDICATORS AND RECORDERS [Go to Page]
- 104.2.1 Indicating Devices.
- 104.2.2 Recording Devices.
- 104.2.3 Preparation for and Placing in Service.
- 104.2.4 Checking and Testing.
- 104.3 WATER-LEVEL INDICATION
- 104.4 CONTROLS AND INTERLOCKS [Go to Page]
- 104.4.1 Controls.
- 104.4.2 Interlocks.
- 104.4.3 Safety Controls.
- 104.4.4 Preparation for and Placing in Service.
- 104.4.5 Checking and Testing.
- ARTICLE 105 EXAMINATIONS [Go to Page]
- 105.1 SCOPE
- 105.2 INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION FREQUENCY
- 105.3 PREPARATION FOR INSPECTION OR EXAMINATION [Go to Page]
- 105.3.1 General.
- 105.3.2 External Surfaces and Parts.
- 105.4 EXAMINATION OF INTERNAL SURFACES OF BOILERS AND APPURTENANCES [Go to Page]
- 105.4.1 All Boilers.
- 105.4.2 Watertube Boilers.
- 105.5 EXAMINATION OF EXTERNAL SURFACES OF BOILERS, APPURTENANCES, AND AUXILIARIES [Go to Page]
- 105.5.1 General.
- 105.5.2 Piping.
- 105.5.3 Pressure Relief Valves.
- 105.5.4 Other Boiler-Related Items.
- 105.6 CARE AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 105.6.1 Housekeeping.
- 105.6.2 Certificates and Licenses.
- 105.6.3 Record Keeping and Logs.
- 105.7 REPAIRS
- 105.8 PRESSURE TESTS
- 105.9 GENERAL LISTING OF EXAMINATIONS [Go to Page]
- 105.9.1 All Examinations.
- 105.9.2 Internal Examinations.
- 105.10 INSPECTOR
- 105.11 POM OUTAGE EXAMINATIONS AND OPERATIONAL WALKDOWNS
- ARTICLE 106 REPAIRS, ALTERATIONS, AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 106.1 REPAIRS AND ALTERATIONS
- 106.2 MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 106.2.1 General.
- 106.2.2 Information to Assist in Maintenance.
- 106.2.3 Maintenance Checks.
- 106.2.4 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance.
- 106.3 BOILER MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS [Go to Page]
- 106.3.1 Examination and Overhaul Procedures.
- 106.3.2 Maintenance and Overhaul Scheduling.
- 106.3.3 Equipment Histories and Spare Parts Inventories.
- 106.3.4 Personnel Training.
- 106.3.5 Equipment Improvement.
- 106.4 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR STEAM BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 106.4.1 Watertube Boilers.
- 106.5 CHECKLISTS TO ASSIST IN MAINTENANCE
- SUBSECTION 2 PERTAINING TO ALL STEAM BOILERS [Go to Page]
- ARTICLE 200 PROTECTING HEAT TRANSFER SURFACES [Go to Page]
- 200.1 GENERAL
- 200.2 INTERNAL CLEANING OF BOILERS
- 200.3 LAYING UP OF BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 200.3.1 Water Side.
- 200.3.2 Dry Storage.
- 200.3.3 Wet Storage.
- 200.3.4 Fire Side.
- 200.4 DEPOSITS [Go to Page]
- 200.4.1 Scale.
- 200.4.2 Sludge.
- 200.4.3 Internal Deposit Monitoring.
- 200.5 INTERNAL CORROSION [Go to Page]
- 200.5.1 General.
- 200.5.2 Oxygen Corrosion.
- 200.5.3 Caustic Corrosion.
- 200.5.4 Chelate Corrosion.
- 200.5.5 Acid Corrosion.
- 200.5.6 Auxiliary Equipment Corrosion.
- 200.5.7 Examinations.
- 200.6 CORROSION CRACKING OF BOILER STEEL [Go to Page]
- 200.6.1
- 200.6.2
- 200.6.3
- 200.6.4
- 200.6.5
- 200.6.6
- 200.6.7
- 200.7 STEAM CONTAMINATION [Go to Page]
- 200.7.1 General.
- 200.7.2 Control of Steam Contamination.
- 200.8 SAMPLING, TESTING, CONTROLLING, AND REPORTING OF ANALYSES OF WATER [Go to Page]
- 200.8.1 Sampling.
- 200.8.2 Testing.
- 200.9 Fire-Side Conditions [Go to Page]
- 200.9.1 General.
- 200.9.2 Soot.
- 200.9.3 Slag.
- 200.9.4 Corrosion.
- ARTICLE 201 PREVENTING BOILER FAILURES [Go to Page]
- 201.1 GENERAL
- 201.2 OVERPRESSURE [Go to Page]
- 201.2.1 Indicators — Steam Pressure Gages.
- 201.2.2 Pressure Relief Valves.
- 201.2.3 Relief Equipment — Fusible Plugs.
- 201.3 HIGH OR LOW WATER LEVEL [Go to Page]
- 201.3.1 Indicators — Gage Glasses.
- 201.3.2 Indicators — Automatic High- and Low-Water-Level Alarms.
- 201.3.3 Automatic Trip.
- 201.4 WEAKENING OF STRUCTURE [Go to Page]
- 201.4.1 Boiler Start-Up.
- 201.4.2 Control of Water Level.
- 201.4.3 Erosion.
- 201.4.4 Internal Corrosion.
- 201.4.5 External Corrosion.
- 201.4.6 Boiler Shutdown.
- 201.4.7 Boiler Out of Service.
- 201.4.8 Failure of Supports.
- 201.4.9 Mechanical Damage.
- 201.5 OPERATION OF COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT
- 201.6 FURNACE EXPLOSIONS
- 201.7 FURNACE IMPLOSIONS
- ARTICLE 202 DOCUMENTS, RECORDS, AND REFERENCES [Go to Page]
- 202.1 CODE DOCUMENTATION
- 202.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
- 202.3 RECORD DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION
- 202.4 REFERENCES [Go to Page]
- 202.4.1 Published Documents Referenced in This Code.
- 202.4.2 Other Documents Relating to Boilers.
- SUBSECTION 3 OTHER BOILER TYPES [Go to Page]
- ARTICLE 300 FIRETUBE BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 300.1 GENERAL
- 300.2 OUT-OF-SERVICE OPERATION [Go to Page]
- 300.2.1 Isolation.
- 300.2.2 Water-Side Cleaning.
- 300.3 INTERNAL EXAMINATIONS [Go to Page]
- 300.3.1 Stays and Braces.
- 300.3.2 Tube Defects.
- 300.3.3 Ligaments Between Tube Holes.
- 300.3.4 Manholes and Other Openings.
- 300.3.5 Fire Surfaces.
- 300.4 EXTERNAL EXAMINATION
- 300.5 MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 300.5.1 General.
- 300.5.2 Maintenance Checks.
- 300.5.3 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance.
- 300.5.4 Checklist to Assist in Maintenance.
- ARTICLE 301 ELECTRIC STEAM BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 301.1 TYPES AND FEATURES
- 301.2 RESISTANCE-ELEMENT ELECTRIC BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 301.2.1 Water Quality and Treatment for Resistance-Element Electric Boilers.
- 301.2.2 General Care and Maintenance of Resistance-Element Electric Boilers.
- 301.3 ELECTRODE STEAM BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 301.3.1 Basic Electrode Steam Boilers.
- 301.3.2 Commonly Used Electrode Steam Boiler Designs.
- 301.3.3 Jet-Spray Electrode Steam Boiler Designs.
- 301.3.4 Water Quality and Treatment for Electrode Steam Boilers.
- 301.3.5 Electrical System Requirements for Electrode Steam Boilers.
- 301.3.6 Maintenance Requirements for Electrode System Boilers.
- ARTICLE 302 UTILITY BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 302.1 START-UP [Go to Page]
- 302.1.1 Establish Water Level.
- 302.1.2 Direct Spring-Loaded Pressure Relief Valves.
- SUBSECTION 4 COAL-FIRED AND OTHER SOLID-FUEL-FIRED BOILERS [Go to Page]
- ARTICLE 400 STOKER-FIRED BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 400.1 GENERAL
- 400.2 PREPARATION FOR SERVICE
- 400.3 STOKER FIRING
- 400.4 SHUTTING DOWN
- 400.5 HIGH WATER LEVEL IN STOKER-FIRED BOILERS
- 400.6 BOILER TUBE FAILURE ON STOKER-FIRED UNITS
- ARTICLE 401 PULVERIZED-COAL-FIRED BOILERS [Go to Page]
- 401.1 GENERAL
- 401.2 PREPARATION FOR SERVICE
- 401.3 MAINTAINING PROPER FURNACE PRESSURE
- 401.4 PULVERIZED-COAL FIRING
- 401.5 SHUTTING DOWN
- 401.6 FIRE IN NONOPERATING PULVERIZERS
- 401.7 FIRE IN OPERATING PULVERIZERS
- 401.8 FIRE IN PULVERIZED-FUEL SYSTEMS
- 401.9 INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROLS, AND INTERLOCKS FOR PULVERIZED-FUEL OPERATION
- 401.10 CYCLONE FURNACES
- ARTICLE 402 ASH REMOVAL [Go to Page]
- 402.1 GENERAL
- 402.2 BOTTOM ASH — WET REMOVAL
- 402.3 BOTTOM ASH — DRY REMOVAL
- 402.4 FLY ASH REMOVAL
- 402.5 FIRE-SIDE CLEANING
- ARTICLE 403 MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 403.1 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — STOKERS [Go to Page]
- 403.1.1 Underfeed Stoker.
- 403.1.2 Spreader Stoker.
- 403.1.3 Dump Grates.
- 403.1.4 Traveling Grates.
- 403.2 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — PULVERIZED-COAL FIRING [Go to Page]
- 403.2.1 Feeder.
- 403.2.2 Pulverizer.
- 403.2.3 Exhauster.
- 403.2.4 Burner.
- 403.3 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — ASH REMOVAL SYSTEM [Go to Page]
- 403.3.1
- 403.3.2
- SUBSECTION 5 GLOSSARY
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 100.2.1-1 Watertube Boiler
- Figure 100.2.2-1 Package Boiler
- Figure 100.3-1 Simple Steam Drum
- Figure 100.3-2 Steam Drum With Internals — Baffle Type
- Figure 100.3-3 Steam Drum With Internals — Cyclone Separator Type
- Figure 100.4-1 Typical Economizer
- Figure 101.5.4-1 Typical Valve Lineup Prior to Out-of-Service Operation
- Figure 102.2.3-1 Simplified Pilot Gas Piping Arrangement
- Figure 102.2.5.2-1 Simplified Fuel Oil Train — Single Burner With Oil Heating
- Figure 102.2.5.2-2 Simplified Light Fuel Oil Train — Multiple Burner
- Figure 102.3.1-1 Typical Tubular Air Heater
- Figure 102.3.1-2 Typical Regenerative Air Heater
- Figure 102.3.1-3 Details of Regenerative Air Heater, Bisector Type
- Figure 102.4.2-1 Typical Centrifugal Boiler Feed Pump, Water Connections
- Figure 102.5-1 Typical Motor Drive
- Figure 102.5-2 Typical Single-Stage Turbine Drive
- Figure 102.5-3 Typical Turbine Drive Arrangement
- Figure 102.6.1-1 Airfoil Blade Centrifugal Fan With Inlet Vane Control
- Figure 102.7-1 Typical Outlet Fan Dampers (Multilouver)
- Figure 103.1.2.9-1 Typical Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve
- Figure 103.1.2.9-2 Recommended Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve Installation
- Figure 103.1.3-2 Hydraulic Lift Assist Device
- Figure 103.1.4-1 Changeover Valve
- Figure 103.4-1 Typical Installation of a Boiler Water-Level Gage
- Figure 103.4.1-1 Gage Glass and Water Column Blowdown Procedure
- Figure 103.4.2-1 Y‐Type Globe Valve
- Figure 105.4.1.2-1 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs
- Figure 200.4.1-1 Scale Causing Overheating and Tube Failure
- Figure 200.4.1-2 Deposit Effect on Boiler Tube Versus Tube Temperature
- Figure 200.5.2-1 Oxygen Corrosion in an Economizer Tube
- Figure 200.5.3-1 Caustic Gouge-Type Attack on Boiler Tube
- Figure 200.5.4-1 Chelate Attack Caused by Excessive Feed of Chemical
- Figure 200.5.6-1 CO2 Carbonic Acid Attack on Condensate Pipe
- Figure 200.5.6-2 Oxygen Attack on Condensate Pipe
- Figure 200.6.6-1 H+ Damage on Boiler Tube
- Figure 300.3.1-1 Typical Stays
- Figure 301.2-1 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements
- Figure 301.2-2 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Electronic Water-Level Controls
- Figure 301.2-3 Typical Large Industrial 300-kW Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements Mounted Horizontally
- Figure 301.3.1-1 Electrode Steam Boiler
- Figure 301.3.3-1 Basic Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Mechanical Control Shield
- Figure 301.3.3-2 Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Variable-Speed Pump Control
- Figure 400.1-1 Typical Underfeed Stoker
- Figure 400.1-2 Feeder–Distributor for Firing of Coal on a Spreader Stoker
- Figure 400.1-3 Spreader Stoker, Continuous Ash Discharge Grate
- Figure 401.2-1 Typical Bowl Mill
- Figure 401.2-2 Typical Attrition Mill
- Figure 401.2-3 Arrangement of Ball-Tube Mill
- Figure 401.4-1 Burner for Horizontal Firing of Coal
- Figure 103.1.3-1 Application of Test Gag
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 200.8.1-1 Methods for Sampling of Water and Steam
- Table 200.8.2-1 Methods of Analysis for the Control of Water for Boilers
- Table 200.8.2-2Useful Tests for the Control of Water for Boilers
- Table I-100-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations
- Forms [Go to Page]
- Form A-101-1 Watertube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
- Form A-102-1 Watertube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
- Form A-103-1 Firetube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
- Form A-104-1 Firetube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
- MANDATORY APPENDIX I STANDARD UNITS FOR USE IN EQUATIONS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A CHECKLISTS FOR MAINTENANCE EXAMINATIONS [Go to Page]
- ARTICLE A-100 PROCEDURES FOR CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF PACKAGE BOILERS [Go to Page]
- A-100.1 CLEANING OF PARTS AND STRAINERS
- A-100.2 CARE OF MOTORS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
- A-100.3 DRYING OF PARTS AFTER WATER IMMERSION
- A-100.4 PERMANENT OR SEASONAL SHUTDOWN
- ARTICLE A-101 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR GAS-, OIL-, AND SOLID-FUEL-FIRED WATERTUBE BOILERS
- ARTICLE A-102 OPERATING CHECKS RELATING TO MAINTENANCE FOR GAS-, OIL-, OR SOLID-FUEL-FIRED WATERTUBE BOILERS
- ARTICLE A-103 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR FIRETUBE BOILERS
- ARTICLE A-104 OPERATING CHECKS RELATING TO MAINTENANCE FOR FIRETUBE BOILERS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B GUIDANCE FOR THE USE OF U.S. CUSTOMARY AND SI UNITS IN THE ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE [Go to Page]
- B-100 USE OF UNITS IN EQUATIONS
- B-200 GUIDELINES USED TO DEVELOP SI EQUIVALENTS
- B-300 SOFT CONVERSION FACTORS [Go to Page]
